Почему девушки не выбирают STEM: гендерные различия в мотивационных ориентирах

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2022. № 3. С. 115–135.

Лебедева Н. В., Vilkova K.

The rapid growth in the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) industry has demanded a considerable number of new employees, but women among them remain the minority. In this article, we examine gender differences in motivation in pursuing STEM degrees and careers. Our research follows a mixed-method sequential design and draws data from a student survey (n = 2 192) and semi-structured interviews with STEM students (n = 17). According to the results, men participate in STEM at higher rates than women, and motivation is related to student abilities and efforts they put in to succeed in STEM. Furthermore, we indicated gender differences among students in these aspects. Men are more confident in their abilities, arguing that they have a natural talent in STEM, and women, on the contrary, need to put more effort. However, in their opinion, numerous efforts often do not lead to success. As a result, women are more likely than men to think about changing their career paths after graduation from STEM. In turn, men tend to expect a high salary and rapid career growth. Understanding this motivation allows moving toward achieving gender balance in STEM

Keywords: высшее образование, мотивация, гендер, motivation, gender, gender segregation, гендерная сегрегация, higher education, STEM EDUCATION, STEM-образование

Publication based on the results of: Educational environment and student experience in higher education (2022)