Мастерство в труде: «ориентация на задачи» и «совладание» с изношенным оборудованием на Подмосковной конфетной фабрике “Iriski”

Антропологический форум. 2022. № 54. С. 68–92.

Пинчук О. В.

The article is devoted to the conceptual analysis of the term «workmanship» in the labor of industrial workers. Based on a critical reading of Tim Ingold's «taskscape» theory, an attempt is made to answer a number of questions: Can industrial workers be creative? Do you need to have workmanship in order to work with industrial equipment? What is the role of equipment wear and tear in the industrial labor process? This paper uses an ethnography of labor at the Iriski candy factory. It is concluded that due to the wear and tear of the equipment, the labor of the operators of the candy factory requires more involvement and the use of their creative skills («living knowledge» according to Andre Gorz). Thus deterioration of equipment stimulates the creativity of the operators and makes their skills more unique. Their workmanship in the work process is determined by how skillfully they are able to «cope» with wear and tear and maintain the continuous operation of the packaging cycle. All this makes them, on the one hand, more involved in labor, but, on the other hand, and more «exploited», since their «workmanship» remains invisible to management, as well as the widespread equipment deterioration of the factory infrastructure.

Keywords: мастерство, творческий труд, creative labor, industrial labour, этнография труда, workmanship, T. Ingold, ethnography of labour, taskscape, индустриальный труд, Т. Ингольд, taskscape, «ориентация на задачи»