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Ion exchange membranes based on radiation-induced grafted functionalized polystyrene for high-performance reverse electrodialysis
Journal of Power Sources. 2021. Vol. 511. Article 230460.
Radiation-induced grafted ion exchange membranes based on functionalized polystyrene were tested for the first time in reverse electrodialysis (RED). Сation and anion exchange membranes based on sulfonated and quaternized/chloromethylated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) grafted on UV-oxidized polymethylpentene films with different conductivity and selectivity relationships were compared with each other and with different commercial ion-exchange membranes (IEMs), FujiFim® Type 1 and Type 2 and RALEX®. The synthesized grafted membranes provided the highest power density of lab-scale stacks with a total active membrane area of 72 cm² with the use of 0.1 М/1 М NaCl (0.67 W m⁻²) and 0.1 М/5 М NaCl (2.1 W m⁻²) solutions. The use of grafted membranes with a low resistance ~0.5 Ω cm² (0.5 М NaCl, 25 °C) did not benefit the stack resistance; the low selectivity of such membranes resulted in a lower voltage and a high non-selective diffusion current of the RED stack. Higher power densities and current efficiencies in some model systems are observed for stacks with grafted membranes with lower conductivity and higher selectivity.
Dmitry Vasilyev, Gorev V., Ikhsanov R. et al., Journal of Materials Science 2026 No. 61 P. 25452–25470
The orthorhombic phase of 𝛼-Mo2 C is a key component in electrocatalytic applications, as Mo2C-based catalysts can exhibit catalytic performance comparable to or exceeding that of noble metals. Despite its technological relevance, theoretical understanding of the anisotropy in the thermal expansion and related thermoelastic properties of 𝛼-Mo2 C remains limited. In this work, first-principles calculations ...
Added: July 23, 2026
Borovitskaya I. V., Pimenov V. N., Korshunov S. N. et al., Physics of Atomic Nuclei 2026 Vol. 89 No. 1 P. S48–S55
The effect of high-power pulsed laser radiation (LR) generated in the GOS 1001 setup in the
Q-modulated mode (with a flux power density q equal to 1 × 1014 W/m2, pulse duration t = 50 ns, and the
number of pulses N from 1 to 8 in vacuum) on the structure and microhardness of the surface of ...
Added: July 22, 2026
Korogod D., Shapeev A., Novikov I., Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 2026 Vol. 114 No. 2 Article 024104
We present two models with explicit long-range electrostatics in the form of Coulomb interactions. Both models include point charges depending on their local atomic environments, and the second model also conserves a total charge of an atomic system. We combine the proposed long-range models with the local moment tensor potential (MTP) and demonstrate that they ...
Added: July 22, 2026
Economies 2026 Vol. 14 No. 07 P. 277
The increasingly rapid process of de-dollarization in the context of growing geopolitical fragmentation has significantly altered the monetary dynamics of the global economy, thereby posing important questions about economic resilience and sustainable development in the emerging world. This research investigates de-dollarization-related macro-financial conditions and their association with economic resilience in the BRICS+ countries during the ...
Added: July 14, 2026
Yenikeyeff S., Россия в глобальной политике 2026 Т. 24 № 4 С. 132–163
Will the new energy order emerge as the product of a managed reconfiguration, or will it emerge through a systemic rupture? The answer to this question will be largely determined by the actions of three powers: the United States, China, and Russia. Their decisions in the coming years—not only reactive but also structural—will create a ...
Added: July 2, 2026
Moshkina E., Molokeev M., Zolotov A. et al., Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2026 Vol. 1077 Article 189412
A wide series of substitutions in a subsystem of small radii cations M = Al, Cr, Fe, Ga, Sc is possible in rare-earth borates ReM3(BO3)4 with the huntite structure. However, the existence of these compounds where M = Mn still raises doubts. The study presents a synthetic approach developed in the framework of the flux method allowing for the required ...
Added: June 29, 2026
Schneider M., Zaripov D., Dokin R. et al., Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 2026 Vol. 22 No. 9 P. 4405–4414
Density functional theory (DFT) is the workhorse of modern reactions and materials modeling. While the exact functional remains unknown, many approximations to it have been constructed either by hand-crafting functional forms to satisfy exact constraints or by machine learning. In this work, we show how both of these approaches can be fused to build both ...
Added: June 26, 2026
Laurinavichyute V., Levin E. E., Mironkova A. A. et al., Surfaces and Interfaces 2026 Vol. 81 Article 108389
In this work we characterize mixed Mo-W acidic deposition solutions with Mo content ranging from 0 to 100 mol.% by Raman and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The obtained distribution diagram of mixed isopolyanions allows one to explain the observed change in film deposition rate with increase in Mo content. It was found that the initial decrease in ...
Added: June 24, 2026
Г. Г. Бондаренко, Кристя В. И., Савичкин Д. О. et al., Поверхность. Рентгеновские, синхротронные и нейтронные исследования 2026 № 4 С. 29–36
Сформулирована модель тлеющего газового разряда в смеси аргона и паров ртути при наличии
на поверхности катода тонкой диэлектрической пленки. Рассчитаны зависимости характеристик
разряда от температуры в интервале ее изменения, в котором заметный вклад в ионизацию
рабочей газовой смеси дает ионизация атомов ртути метастабильными возбужденными атомами
аргона (реакция Пеннинга). Показано, что в случае катода без диэлектрической пленки при
повышении температуры до ...
Added: June 20, 2026
Filippova A. V., Yurchenko N. Y., Smirnov S. A. et al., Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2026 No. 1074 Article 189162
This study investigates the effects of post-processing heat treatment at 300–500 °C on the microstructure, hardness, and tensile properties of laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) processed Al-bronze processed with energy densities (ED) in the range of 125–938 J/mm3. In the as-printed state, sharp needle-like α + β′ laths form at lower ED whereas with increasing ED, the β′ ...
Added: June 12, 2026
Zirnik G., Ostovari Moghaddam A., Zhukov S. et al., Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 2026 Vol. 37 Article 738
In regards to the advances in InGaZnO for flexible transistors applications, herein for the first time we measure the broadband radio-frequency range (10 Hz to 1 MHz) dielectric permittivity ε′ and electrical conductivity σ of InGaZnO4 nanoparticle layers at different temperatures ranging from 10 to 300 K. The InGaZnO4 nanoparticles prepared by metal–nitrate–glycol gel decomposition method exhibited ...
Added: June 6, 2026
Obijiofor O., Novikov A., New Journal of Chemistry 2026 Vol. 50 No. 23 P. 9749–9768
Rational design of gold-based nanocarriers for neurotherapeutics requires atomic-scale understanding of drug-material interactions. Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate levodopa (L-DOPA) adsorption on small gold clusters (Au2–Au4) with cationic, neutral, and anionic charges, with additional validation on a larger Au10 cluster using multiple low-energy isomers. Binding free energies (ΔGbind), charge transfer, and electronic descriptors ...
Added: June 3, 2026
Das A., Saikia J., Maji N. et al., ChemNanoMat 2026 Vol. 12 No. 5 Article e202500733
Developing efficient photoactive materials from bio-derived resources is vital yet challenging for achieving effective water splitting performance. In this work, nano carbon dots (CDs) of zero-dimensional (0D) were synthesized from papaya peel through a simple and eco-friendly process and subsequently anchored onto the two-dimensional (2D) layered structure of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, GCN) at various ...
Added: June 2, 2026
Wary R. R., Mahato B., Sharma N. et al., The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2026 Vol. 17 No. 17 P. 5099–5107
Development of heterojunction materials is an efficient approach for enhancing photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical processes. We develop a ZnO/CuO heterojunction via Cu doping into a ZnO matrix. Structural characterization confirmed that Cu was effectively incorporated into ZnO without any structural changes. The improved optical properties and reduced charge carrier recombination of the doped samples were confirmed ...
Added: June 2, 2026
Duran E. ., Pulgar A., Izquierdo R. et al., Physica Status Solidi (A) Applications and Materials 2026 Vol. 223 No. 7 Article e202500942
Ceramic superconductors exhibit remarkable properties, including zero electrical resistance and potent magnetic behavior, operating at temperatures as high as the boiling points of liquid nitrogen (77 K) and liquid hydrogen (20 K). These characteristics position them as key enablers for sustainable technologies spanning electric propulsion, lossless energy transmission, advanced medical imaging, and quantum computation. This review presents ...
Added: June 1, 2026
Ostovari Moghaddam A., Mehrabi-Kalajahi S., Hossein Vasigh S. A. et al., The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2026 Vol. 17 No. 13 P. 3978–3985
Water electrolysis is a key technology for sustainable energy conversion and hydrogen generation. Recently, high-entropy oxides (HEOs) have emerged as promising materials because they allow tuning of structural, electronic, and catalytic properties in multifunctional systems. Here, we report the synthesis of a multicomponent La(FeCoCuTiNiMnMgSnZn)O3 perovskite, and its hybridization with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to form a ...
Added: June 1, 2026
Chowdhury U., Mondal S., Dey S. et al., Journal of the american chemical society 2026 Vol. 148 No. 23 P. 24538–24550
Covalent functionalization offers a versatile platform to engineer carbon nanotube properties for optoelectronics applications. We demonstrate by atomistic quantum dynamics simulation that covalent functionalization can renormalize the CNT band gap, split the degenerate CNT band edge states, and strongly influence charge carrier separation and recombination dynamics. Open-ring CNT functionalization (O-CNT) largely retains the π-conjugation, whereas ...
Added: June 1, 2026
Jiménez-Grávalos F., Alexander S. Novikov, Pendás Á. M., Communications in Computational Chemistry 2026 Vol. 8 No. 2 P. 203–210
Chalcogen bonds (ChBs) are often interpreted as 𝜎-hole driven electrostatic interactions between a chalcogen atom and a Lewis base, yet their covalent character remains under active discussion. Here, we present a real-space, reference-free study of prototypical X2Ch···X– complexes (X = F, Cl; Ch = O, S) using the Interacting Quantum Atoms (IQA) energy decomposition within ...
Added: May 27, 2026
Manin A., Lysova A. A., Stenina I. et al., Membranes and Membrane Technologies 2025 Vol. 7 No. 4 P. 207–216
Abstract: Anion-exchange membranes based on cardo polybenzimidazole and zinc(II) ions with various molar ratios of metal ions (0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00) were prepared by casting solutions of metal–polymer complexes. The introduction of zinc(II) ions into the structure of cardo polybenzimidazole is accompanied by the formation of a cross-linked polymer matrix due to the ...
Added: February 17, 2026
Voropaeva D., Trofimenko N. A., S. A. Novikova et al., Membranes and Membrane Technologies 2025 Vol. 7 No. 2 P. 112–124
Modern studies in the field of lithium metal batteries focus on the development of safe and stable electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. In this context, promising materials are gel polymer electrolytes based on perfluorosulfonic acid cation-exchange membranes modified with inorganic fillers and solvated with aprotic solvents. This study addresses Nafion® composite membranes ...
Added: February 17, 2026
Абрамова С. В., Дальневосточный аграрный вестник 2024 Т. 18 № 2 С. 106–114
Для повышения экологической безопасности в настоящее время большое внимание уделяется использованию в качестве энергоносителей альтернативных источников энергии, что в значительной мере позволяет снизить токсичность выхлопных газов. Значительная роль отводится внедрению в отрасли сельского хозяйства альтернативных видов энергии, основанных на водородных топливных элементах. Для автомобильного транспорта в последние годы широкое применение получило использование в качестве источника ...
Added: September 24, 2025
Karavanova Y.A., Golubenko D.V., Yaroslavtsev A.B., МЕМБРАНЫ И МЕМБРАННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, Российская Федерация 2020 Vol. 2 No. 4 P. 251–255
Phosphonates with the composition Zr(PO3(CH2)nPh)2 with n = 0, 1, and 3 are synthesized. Hybrid membranes based on an MF-4SK membrane and the synthesized phosphonates are made. The influence of the dopant, its concentration, and synthesis method on the ion-conducting properties of the membranes is studied in comparison with hybrid membranes based on α-zirconium hydrogen phosphate. ...
Added: November 5, 2024
Voropaeva D., Safronova E., Novikova S. et al., Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2024 Vol. 128 No. 10 P. 4143–4151
Gel-polymer electrolytes based on perfluorinated cation-exchange membranes are promising electrolytes for lithium metal batteries due to the strength and chemical stability of the fluorinated matrix and high values of ionic conductivity and cation transference numbers, which contribute to the suppression of dendrite formation. The present work compares the main characteristics of polymer electrolytes based on ...
Added: June 20, 2024
Elena Makeeva, Popov K., Teplova O., Frontiers in Environmental Science 2024 Vol. 12 Article 1332792
Introduction: Despite the significant advancements in renewable energy technologies, the current energy system remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels. However, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that the proliferation of “green” patents is contributing to the transition towards a more sustainable energy future, with important implications for both environmental sustainability and corporate financial performance.
Methods: Utilizing panel ...
Added: April 24, 2024