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Инновационные образовательные форматы в сфере искусства и дизайна: состояние и перспективы
The focus of this paper is on the latest educational technologies and courses in art and design. Of particular interest are the various practice-based graduate courses such as the PhD by Practice, the Art PhD, Practice-based research and Practice-led research etc. Traditional education, the authors argue, is no longer capable of meeting the needs of today’s smart society with its focus on information, technology and creativity. Establishing the principles of convergent teaching, these new graduate courses provide career-oriented education which fuses theory and practice. These innovative courses aim to reinforce practical/applied and research skills, and to bring together theoretical findings and practical forms of representation. With today’s growing interest in project-based and practical research, the authors examine the evolution of educational and academic standards, and analyse the pre-history of project-based activity in art and design education. Based on their in-depth study of international experience and postgraduate European art and design programmes, they draw a range of conclusions and take a detailed look at practice-based research PhDs.
As PhD programmes become more diverse and the choice is constantly growing, the traditional teaching and research role of the PhD student, the authors feel, is becoming outmoded. Fast becoming a key resource for the creation of innovative PhD programmes, today’s practice-based Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in art and design focus on applied research, the effectiveness of which is beyond question. Increasingly the subject of academic debate, practice-based PhDs clearly show the shift which is taking place in views on graduate study standards. In today’s educational and academic models of learning, the dichotomy between theory and practice is erased, with practical research bringing together methodologies based on academic and practical results. The development of integrative methodology is greatly advanced through practical research cases, the effectiveness of which largely depends on the educational establishment’s management’s dedication to updating traditional learning formats. The paper offers a brief review of the main practice-based PhD discussion platforms, whilst also introducing into the academic field a wide variety of foreign language sources analysing this new phenomenon and various practical research models.