Марксизм и либерализм о справедливости: философское обоснование и экономическая интерпретация

AlterEconomics (ранее - Журнал экономической теории). 2021. Т. 18. № 1. С. 116–126.

Sushentsova M. S., Мирошниченко М. А., Лымарь Ф. А.

This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of Marx's views and of classical and modern liberalism on such concepts as rights, freedom and equality that form their ideas of justice. The authors conclude that Marx did not reject the key values of liberalism but assessed them in terms of a dual approach - historical and anthropological. On the one hand, he criticized the realization of human rights under capitalism as "bourgeois", justifying the alienation of the human condition and disguising economic exploitation under the guise of fair market exchange. On the other hand, Marx proposed his model of future equality based on the values of self-realization and solidarity, and ultimately on his idea of the "generic" nature of human. This goes beyond deontological justice, developed modern liberal thought in the spirit of the Rawls, and at the same time brings it closer to the tradition of natural law, as well as to the modern course of communitarianism.

Keywords: право, либерализм, справедливость, свобода, равенство, justice, liberalism, freedom, rights, equality, Marxism, марксизм