Криминолого-правовое значение высшего положения в преступной иерархии как характеристики социального статуса субъекта преступления и личности преступника

Российский журнал правовых исследований. 2020. Т. 7. № 3. С. 64–71.

Karavaeva Y.

The appearance of article 210.1 in the criminal law caused an active discussion in the scientific community and a lot of critical comments. Supporting the idea of the legislator about the need to strengthen the fight against organized crime by criminal legal means, the authors note the failure of the wording used in this norm, the complexity of its practical application and, finally, the violation of the fundamental principles of legality, justice and guilt. These criticisms are analyzed by the author using the possibilities of the criminal-legal approach, which allows projecting the provisions of the criminal law on the criminological plane. Thus, the highest position in the criminal hierarchy, being a special feature of the subject of the crime, characterizes his social status within the framework of criminal interactions. At the same time, the status and role characteristics of the subject have the meaning of the personal characteristics of the criminal. Given criminological doctrine of the identity of the criminal, the author formulates the concept of identity is the special subject of the crime as a specific socio-criminological personality type, characterized, as a rule, a high degree of public danger, which is based on the relationship between social status and role of the offender from criminal threats, a broad range of victimization, criminal commitment, legal nihilism, capabilities and skills to oppose a preliminary investigation. In support of this definition, the author analyzes the features of the socio-demographic and value-normative subsystems of the personality of a special subject of crime and argues for the relationship with the personality of the criminal as a private with a general. Justifying the typologization of the personality of a special subject of crime into "socialized" and "non-socialized" types, the author refers to the second person who occupies the highest position in the criminal hierarchy.

Keywords: 10.81.51 Личность преступника, CRIMINOLOGICAL AND LEGAL APPROACH, КРИМИНОЛОГО-ПРАВОВОЙ ПОДХОД, SPECIAL SUBJECT OF THE CRIME, SOCIAL STATUS AND ROLE, СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫЙ СУБЪЕКТ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЯ, the highest position in the criminal hierarchy, the identity of the criminal, высшее положение в преступной иерархии, социальный статус и роль,