Генеалогия интеллектуалов Александра Кожева

Вопросы философии. 2019. № 12. С. 118–131.

Rutkevich A. M.

The article holds the idea that for A. Kojève during his lecture course «Introduction
to Hegel's Reading» the central figure of the course was «Gestalt
» of the Intellectual. The author of the article emphasizes: the beginning
of the transition from Master–Slave relationship to the bourgeois
world, Kojève sees in times of the late Roman Empire, and with the beginning
of Modernity we have to do with the predominance of bourgeois as a
human type. The Intellectual of Kojève represents as a kind of bourgeois,
namely of the poor bourgeois wanting to be rich. The author traces the
thought of Kojève: beginning with the humanists of Renaissance through
moralists of the 16th century he comes to Enlightenment, which prepared
the French Revolution and Napoleon’s Empire. With the fall of this Empire
and the development of bourgeois national states («Slave without Master»
or «Slave of the Capital») once more emerges the figure of the Intellectual
(Romanticism, Liberalism) and the typical for this figure «Republic of Letters
» reappear for Kojève. The article focuses on the fact that the Intellectual
don’t like to sacrifice anything for Truth, Goodness or Beauty, he
strives only for self-realization. The author comprehends the following reasoning
of Kojève: the wish of recognition of Intellectual for him is simply a
caricature of the authentic pursuit of universal recognition of the Citizen.
For the last one, we must fight and risk our lives, while the Intellectual
wants to stay «over the fray». 

Keywords: революция, интеллектуалы, romanticism, романтизм, феноменология, рабство, Просвещение, phenomenology, господство, Enlightenment, Modernity, intellectual, Master, Slave, Bourgeois, Revolution, буржуа