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Обновление аффективно окрашенной информации в рабочей памяти: роль эмоционального состояния
The aim of the current study was to provide an empirical evidence of an emotional state’s influence on the updating of affective information in working memory. The emotional congruence effect was expected: participants in a happy emotional state would be more successful in updating positive information compared to negative and neutral information. It was also expected that participants in a negative emotional state would show the opposite pattern of results. The sample included 66 subjects (age: M = 18.56; SD = 1.02). To measure updating, an affective n-back task was applied with positive, negative and neutral words as stimuli. To induce an emotional state, a combination of autobiographical memories and music listening was used. No emotional congruence effect has been obtained. The pattern of results for reaction times and accuracy was similar in both groups; most likely, it was partially caused by the sequence effect. In all types of trials, participants responded faster after emotion induction. The accuracy of responses to negative (M = 0.83; SD = 0.12) was significantly different compared to positive (M = 0.78; SD = 0.16) and neutral trials (M = 0.73; SD = 0.21). The results show that the updating of emotional stimuli is more effective compared to neutral stimuli; among emotional stimuli, updating negative stimuli is more effective compared to positive stimuli.