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September 21, 2026
Researchers Develop Methodology to Assess the Quality of Legal Representation in Criminal Proceedings
Having a good defence attorney in criminal proceedings can largely determine whether a defendant retains their freedom, health and good name. Researchers at HSE University propose a method for predicting an attorney’s performance based on the outcomes of their previous cases. The methodology takes into account the severity of the charges, the complexity of the cases, and the most likely outcome, drawing on judicial statistics.
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Arctic Modernism: New Urbanisation Models for the Soviet Far North in the 1960s

Ch. 10. P. 213–241.
Kalemeneva E.

Industrialisation and social transformations changed the landscapes of the Soviet Arctic and stimulated discussions about the models of its domestication. Numerous industrial towns in the Soviet Far North in the 1930s were established next to Gulag labour camps. The attempt of technical, social and visual re-conceptualisation of urban space in the Soviet Arctic related to several reforms of the post-Stalin period. This chapter analyses how Leningrad architects since the 1950s used modernist urban projects for the realisation of their professional and personal ambitions trying to create a new conception of a “normal city” in extreme climate. While most were not implemented, their appearance shows the shift of the attitude toward the North in the USSR as well as the controversial changes of experts’ position.

Language: English
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Keywords: soviet modernismurban planningSoviet industrialisationSoviet ArcticlandscapeFar North

In book

Competing Arctic Futures: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives
Competing Arctic Futures: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives
Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
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