«Голодные» забастовки в Советской России в 1918-1920 гг.

Вестник Костромского государственного университета им. Н.А. Некрасова. 2017. № 1. С. 27–31.

Shilnikova I.

Strikes and other forms of protests of workers was an essential element of labor relations in the first years the Soviet regime (1918-1920). However, their study began only in the post-Soviet period due to the changed political situation. One of the main problems of the period of "war communism" was the inability of the new authorities to provide workers essential commodities, notably food. This situation became the reason for the strikes. The article deals with the immediate causes and mechanisms of occurrence of strikes at enterprises in the Central Industrial Region. In particular, attention is drawn to the fact that often strikes were stemmed from not just the lack of food, but its inequitable distribution. In this period the trade unions in the course of strikes took the side of power, not the workers. But can be noticed some differences in the positions and evaluations of the events by the representatives of the central apparatus of the trade unions and local organizations. Local union leaders were not prone to excessive politicization of the protests that took place at enterprises. They evaluated the reasons for discontent of workers more objectively. The study is based on materials of the archival funds of branch trade unions.

Keywords: трудовые отношения, профсоюзы, трудовые конфликты, забастовки, рабочие-текстильщики, labor conflicts, strikes, labour relations in Soviet Russia, food rations, traid unions, factory committees, textile workers, продовольственный паек, фабричные комитеты