Лирика Маяковского в "год великого перелома": три текста

Scando-Slavica. 2016. Т. 62. № 2. С. 183–217.

Bolshukhin L., Александрова М. А.

The paper is dedicated to the major texts written by Majakovskij in 1929, the year preceding his death: “Razgovor s tovariščem Leninym” (“A talk with Comrade Lenin”), “Rasskaz Chrenova o Kuzneckostroe i o ljudjach Kuznecka” (“The Story of Khrenov about Kuznetskstroj and about people of Kuznetsk”), and “Stichi o sovetskom pasporte” (“Verses on the Soviet Passport”). The official literary criticism of the Soviet era regarded them as pieces of well-behaved, exemplary Soviet poetry. Subsequently, they were perceived as tendentious, which continues to be the received view in contemporary criticism.

The aim of this paper is to show the continuity of Majakovskij’s grotesque technique from his early works up to his latest ideologically driven texts. The shocking imagery of grandiosity sets him off the mainstream imagery of contemporary official Soviet poetry, labeled by Tynjanov as “golaja oda” (lit. “bare ode”). It is shown how Majakovskij’s style progressively comes into collision with the emerging mainstream Soviet discourse, which corresponds with the poet’s crisis of self-consciousness and the emergence of insoluble internal contradictions the year of the “Great Turn”.

Keywords: трагизм, исторический контекст, Маяковский, confession, гротеск, comic, grotesque, эпатаж, Majakovskij, The Year of the Great Turn, historical context, tragic, epatage, Год великого перелома, комизм