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Reasoning vs. Orthodoxy, or, The Lesson from the Fate of Russian “Reasoning Machine”
Ch. 16. P. 191–202.
Valery V. Shilov, Sergey A. Silantiev
This paper devoted to Russian scientist Alexander Schukarev and his work on logical machine. Historically, this work may be divided on two periods – before and after Russian October revolution. We try to understand and explain why Schukarev's activity in this field was ceased and his logical machine was forgotten for the long time.
In book
Vol. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. , Berlin: Springer, 2014.
Шантаракшита .., Камалашила .., Kanaeva N. et al., М.: Институт философии РАН, 2023.
This book presents a study on the Buddhist epistemology and logic as developed in the compendium «Tattvasaṃgraha» («Collection of categories») of the great Buddhist scholar Śāntarakṣita and in the commentary thereon «Pañjikā» by his no less famous disciple Kamalaśīla (both of them lived in the VIII-th century).
The coauthors of the book focus their attention on ...
Added: February 19, 2025
Baimuratov I., Lisanyuk E., Prokudin D., CEUR Workshop Proceedings 2023 No. 3515
Dispute resolution is an essential part of argumentation. Although there have been particular advances in computational argumentation with machine learning, we assume that explicit and deterministic techniques for dispute resolution still have significant potential. There are semantic approaches to argument representation, such as the Argument Interchange Format that supports a certain level of interoperability, but ...
Added: November 11, 2023
Bobrova A., Pietarinen A., Pragmatics and Cognition 2022 Vol. 29 No. 1 P. 111–134
Mercier and Sperber (MS) have ventured to undermine an age-old assumption in logic, namely the presence of premise-conclusion structures, in favor of two novel claims: that reasoning is an evolutionary product of a reason-intuiting module in the mind, and that theories of logic teach next to nothing about the mechanisms of how inferences are drawn ...
Added: October 31, 2022
Maksudova-Eliseeva G., Философский журнал 2022 Т. 15 № 1 С. 131–146
This text is concerned with the issue of norm of reasoning and the process of its
extension. Two sources of expansion of the norm are considered - social movements
(using the example of the movement for neurodiversity) and formal sciences
represented by logic. It has been shown that social movements take a risk of expanding
the norm of reasoning ...
Added: November 1, 2021
Springer, 2022.
The 18th International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence 2021 (DCAI 2021) is a major forum for the presentation of the development and applications of innovative techniques in closely related areas. The exchange of ideas between scientists and technicians from both academic and business areas is essential to facilitate the development of systems that ...
Added: September 17, 2021
Bryanov K., Vziatysheva V., Plos One 2021 Vol. 16 No. 6 Article e0253717
Background
Proliferation of misinformation in digital news environments can harm society in a number of ways, but its dangers are most acute when citizens believe that false news is factually accurate. A recent wave of empirical research focuses on factors that explain why people fall for the so-called fake news. In this scoping review, we summarize ...
Added: June 25, 2021
Maksudova-Eliseeva G., Logical Investigations 2020 Vol. 26 No. 2 P. 160–175
This paper is concerned with Frege’s logical aliens argument against psychologism in logic that leans on the ideas of uniqueness of logic and the understanding of normativity of logic in such a way that everybody should obey the rules of the classical logic system in all circumstances. The paper argues that this argument becomes too ...
Added: September 20, 2019
Shilov V., М.: ЛЕНАНД, 2019.
Изобретение в середине XX века электронных компьютеров дало мощный импульс работам по автоматизации различных сторон интеллектуальной деятельности человека и привело к зарождению и бурному развитию нового научного направления – искусственного интеллекта. Одновременно возник интерес к предыстории искусственного интеллекта, в частности, к попыткам механизировать те или иные этапы процесса мышления. Так, в книге Мартина Гарднера «Логические ...
Added: November 29, 2018
Maksudova-Eliseeva G., В кн.: Первый Конгресс Русского общества истории и философии науки «История и философия науки в эпоху перемен»Т. 2.: М.: Русское общество истории и философии науки, 2018. С. 21–23.
This text is concerned with the problem of the reciprocity between logic and human reasoning. This problem is illustrated with implementation of the theory of Wilhelm Wundt and a concrete investigation of the reasoning of people with autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) undertaken by Keith Stenning and Michiel van Lambalgen as case studies. ...
Added: September 26, 2018
Petrova E., Научные ведомости Белгородского государственного университета. Серия: Гуманитарные науки 2018 Т. 37 № 1 С. 114–123
The paper analyzes students’ written assignments and looks at the challenges that the students faced when preparing those assignments. The objective of carrying out this analysis is to optimize the teaching process to develop academic writing skills. Contextual analysis was used to achieve the objective. Moreover, the paper includes the literature review on the topic. ...
Added: April 4, 2018
Sorokina S. G., Наука и мир (Волгоград) 2015 Vol. 2 No. № 9 (25) P. 30–35
The present research addresses the role of recurrence in structuring the composition and developing the author’s argumentative line and analyses different types of recurrence depending on the literary genre. It is claimed that recurrence occurs at all layers: phoneme, morpheme, word, word combination, phrase and the whole text. The research proves that recurrent structures possess ...
Added: February 20, 2017
Shilov V., Silantiev S., , in: International Communities of Invention and Innovation. IFIP WG 9.7 International Conference on the History of Computing, HC 2016, Brooklyn, NY, USA, May 25-29, 2016, Revised Selected PapersVol. 491.: Cham: Springer, 2016. Ch. 5 P. 71–86.
Paper is devoted to forgotten Russian scholar Semen Korsakov and describes his life and scientific activity. The particular attention is paid to Korsakov’s main achievement – invention of five “intellectual machines”. These machines could be considered as the very first attempt to design a mechanical device capable to perform such intellectual operations as data analysis, ...
Added: December 13, 2016
Shilov V., Silantiev S., , in: Proceedings of the 2015 ICOHTEC/IEEE International History of High-Technologies and their Socio-Cultural Contexts Conference (HISTELCON): The 4th IEEE Region 8 Conference on the History of Electrotechnologies. Held in 18-19 August 2015, Tel Aviv, Israel.: Los Alamitos: IEEE, 2015. Ch. 6 P. 73–92.
The centuries-old development of logical machines is very interesting page of both computer technology and logic history. In fact, logical machines cannot be called the ancestors of modern computers but our analysis allows us to state for surely that these devices were the very first predecessors of contemporary intellectual informational technologies. In this article we ...
Added: March 15, 2016
Berlin: Springer, 2014.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 9 International Conference on Human Choice and Computers, HCC11 2014, held in Turku, Finland, in July/August 2014. The 29 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are based on both academic research and the professional experience of ...
Added: March 12, 2016
Dragalina-Chernaya E., Преподаватель XXI век 2015 № 3 С. 232–242
The aim of this paper is to discuss the dichotomy of formal and informal styles of reasoning in the perspective of practical turn in logic. The heuristic potential of the concept "image of logic" introduced by I.N. Griftsova for the critics of essentialist theories of formality will be revealed ...
Added: October 21, 2015
Palo Alto: AAAI Press, 2014.
The KR Conference series is a leading forum for timely in- depth presentation of progress in the theory and principles underlying the representation and computational management of knowledge. The 2014 KR conference was held as part of the Vienna Summer of Logic, a consortium of 12 conferences and 82 workshops organized by the Kurt Gödel ...
Added: March 25, 2015
Kanaeva N., Лысенко В. Г., М.: ИФРАН, 2014.
This monograph contains the translations of two chapters ("Pratyakṣa-lakṣaṇa-parīkṣā" and "Anumāna- parīkṣā") and the studies on the Buddhist epistemology and logic as developed in the compendium of the great Buddhist scholar Śāntarakṣita "Tattvasaṃgraha" ("Collection of categories") and in the commentary "Pañjikā" of Kamalaśīla (both lived in VIII AD). Because Buddhists base their theory through the refutation of competing theories ...
Added: January 3, 2015
Dragalina-Chernaya E., , in: Следование правилу: рассуждение, разум, рациональность.: СПб.: Алетейя, 2014. P. 10–17.
The principle that logic provides norms for reasoning is a traditional basis for demarcating the bounds of logic as a discipline. Nowadays, the role of logic in ‘everyday reasoning’ has been challenged. The main aim of this study is to show the advantages of shifting focus towards dynamic model of normativity. ...
Added: July 11, 2014
Bronevich A., В кн.: Алгебраическая теория неаддитивных мер.: [б.и.], 2013.
В данной главе рассмотрен логический вывод на высказываниях, заданных распределениями возможностей, при наиболее слабых априорных предположениях, согласно которым мера возможности дает верхние оценки вероятностей событий. Кроме того, решаются вопросы, связанные с анализом противоречивости множества высказываний, с построением оценок неточности нечеткого высказывания, основанных на понятии верхней (нижней) вероятности. Завершает главу вычисление важной вероятностной характеристики неточности нечеткого ...
Added: December 5, 2013
Kryuchkova S. E., В кн.: Метафизика креативностиВып. 5.: М.: Перо, 2011. С. 33–45.
В работе рассматривается основные идеи работы «Ars magna» испанского схоласта, логика и математика Р.Луллия, который на платоновско-герметической основе разрабатывал искусство выведения с логической необходимостью из исходных понятий любых истин. Подробно рассматривается методика автоматического комбинирования понятий, составляющих из себя начало всякого знания. Показано, что «логическая машина» Луллия представляет собой попытку построения глобального, всеобщего концептуального символического механизма, ...
Added: February 17, 2013