Оценка экономической эффективности профилактических мероприятий, направленных на предотвращение сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний трудоспособного населения

Здравоохранение Российской Федерации. 2025. Т. 69. № 1. С. 12–19.

Гарипова Ф. Г., Zazdravnykh E.

Introduction. This article presents a model for assessing the economic effectiveness of preventive programmes implemented in the workplace and aimed at reducing the risk of illness among employees; we chose cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) for the purposes of exemplifying our model. The goal of the study is to develop a financial model (calculator) for assessing the cost-effectiveness of expenditures on preventive programmes and on ergonomic interventions aimed at reducing the risk of CVDs among employees.
Materials and methods. The model is based on the methodology of cost-benefit analysis, which allows us to compare the costs of a preventive measure with the benefits of its implementation. The costs include expenses on equipment and on labour involved in installing and deploying this equipment, while the benefits refer to savings on costs that the employer would otherwise have to bear as a consequence of having his employees fall ill.
Results. The model obtained allows its users to compare different ways in which these preventive programmes may be implemented, as well as individual measures aimed at modifying different risk factors for the same disease. Although this study is limited to CVDs, the proposed model can be used to evaluate the economic effectiveness of preventive programmes aimed at reducing the risk of disability caused by other diseases.
Limitations. The assumptions of the model impose several limitations on the obtained estimates: cases in which employees continue to work while sick are not considered, and it is assumed that the decrease in the incidence of illnesses as a result of intervention remains constant during the programme's implementation period.
Conclusion. The model can be used as a tool to substantiate any decisions made in the matters of choosing whether to implement a preventive programme aimed at reducing the risk of morbidity of enterprise employees; the model can also serve as a tool that can be used to calculate which of the preventive options available is likely to lead to the most desirable outcome.

Keywords: инвестиции, Cost-benefit analysis, оценка экономической эффективности, investments, preventive measures in the workplace, economic efficiency assessment, анализ «затраты–выгоды», профилактические мероприятия на рабочем месте