Моральный статус искусственного интеллекта: в поисках социологической перспективы

Социологический журнал. 2025. Т. 31. № 1. С. 92–109.

Aganova A., Катерный И. В.

The article examines AI from the perspective of moral agency and moral patiency. In the
forepart, an overview of the main theoretical arguments as well as some experimental data regarding the
(im)possibility of grounding the moral status of intelligent machines is provided. Evidence shows that
perceived anthropomorphism and animism, this being culturally dependent, significantly influence the
moral recognition of AI. The second part of the article highlights some research perspectives that seem
promising for sociology of morality to be applied to the AI field: (a) discrimination of moral situations
specific to interaction with AI, (b) discovering the cultural background of moral agency and patiency of AI,
(c) expertise in AI code of ethics development, (d) inquiry into AI value alignment when delegating morally
relevant decisions. The remainder of the article interprets moral status of AI as a stratification of integrated
moral responsibility for social consequences in human-machine interactions and represents a pyramid within
which several layers are distinguished, demonstrating the tendency to link the moral ‘non-recognition’ of
AI with enhancing its autonomy and ‘consciousness’.

Keywords: искусственный интеллект, мораль, morality, социология морали, moral agency, sociology of morality, AI, моральная агентность, моральная пациентность, moral patiency