Онтогенез: от инстинктивной активности к деятельности

Культурно-историческая психология. 2023. Т. 19. № 2. С. 80–87.

Shadrikov V.

It is shown that the child goes to educational activity through spontaneous activity, objective action, quasi-joint activity, game activity. The educational activity is considered as a cooperative activity, which is based on individual activity. Specific function of motivation and desirability of a child and an adult at different stages of their interaction is shown on the basis of the ontogenetic “arousal — activity” analysis.
The article demonstrates the key terms of the structure of educational activity by D.B. Elkonin, its positive aspects and limitations. The author’s concept of the general psychological structure of labor activity is substantiated methodologically and theoretically, and on this basis a competence-based model of the structure of the school pupil’s educational activity is proposed, which can be used as the basis for diagnosing the readiness of a school pupil as a subject of educational activity. This allows us to answer the question: has the child learned to learn?

Keywords: компетентность, мотив, action, компетенции, деятельность, activity, активность, motive, системогенез, психологическая система деятельности, competence, Systemogenesis, objective actions, psychological system of activity, purpose of activity, skills set, quasijoint activity, предметные действия, квазисовместная деятельность, цель деятельности