Chernyshev B. V.,
Lazarev I.,
Иванов М. В. et al. Psychology. PSY. Высшая школа экономики, 2012. No. 06.
The causes of everyday errors made by most people remain largely unknown. In order to investigate spontaneous lapses in attentional processing a new task was designed. This task creates an increased attentional load because it is based on impeded decision making involving both stimuli feature binding and response selection. Participants made errors in 9.6 ± 1.1% of trials and re-sponse omissions in 5.4 ± 0.7% of trials. In the ERP pattern the N1 and P2 peaks were well pronounced, while P3 peak was almost indistinguishable. The P2 peak was greater in trials with errors and response omissions compared to correct responses. The results obtained substantiate the hypothesis that attentional lapses may be a consequence of mind-wandering, which may compete with the overt task for the attentional resources.
Added: Jan 17, 2013
Edited by: K. Larsen, G. Vazov, K. Krumov et al. Kassel: Kassel University Press, 2013.
Added: Nov 17, 2013
Bryzgalov D. V.,
Lazarev I. E.,
Chernyshev B. V. In bk.: Methodological school: Methods of data processing in EEG and MEG. Applied aspects of magneto-and electroencephalographic neuroimaging. April, 16-30, 2013. M.: МГУ, 2013.
P. 6-7.
It is well known, that even in optimal conditions animals and humans make spontaneous errors which are the most prominent manifestations of attention system failures. Our goal was to investigate the causes of attention system failures in normal state of arousal and without distracting objects. We have designed a new task which allows to answer the following question: which stage of sensory processing is compromised during attention lapses?
Added: Jun 4, 2013
Хухорева А. В.,
Зинченко В. П. Дом Бурганова. Пространство культуры. 2011. № 2.
С. 33-44.
This article advances the idea of cultural and individual values being connected to each other not directly, but through the consciousness and activity, which presupposes the integral unity of cultural-historic methodological approach and the activity methodological approach in psychological researches. Activity effects mainly on forming of the consciousness and personality: it underlies them. In the cultural-historic approach such basis, in a way, a unit of analysis of consciousness and personality, is a value-oriented experience. The necessity of integration of the activity approach with cultural-historic approach lies in the integral ontology of psyche, behavior, activity, experience, sense, consciousness, personality, culture and its values.
Added: Sep 11, 2012
Osokina E. S.,
Chernysheva E. G.,
Chernyshev V. Boris. In bk.: Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 2011 2nd International Conference on Behavioral, Cognitive and Psychological Sciences (BCPS 2011), November 25-26, Maldives. Singapore: IACSIT Press, 2011.
P. 1-5.
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of individual temperament traits on selective auditory attention. The subjects performed auditory selective attention task during 3 experimental sessions. Task performance indexes of each session were found to correlate with the dimensions of temperament, subjects' academic achievement and their level of musical education. The results were interpreted from the viewpoint of Kahneman’s Capacity Model of Attention. It was concluded that temperament affects activation and arousal which are viewed as a physiological basis of attention. It was also summarized that during the experiment automation of auditory selection, depending on individual differences, occurred.
Added: Oct 8, 2013
The distractive effects on attentional task performance in different paradigms are analyzed in this paper. I demonstrate how distractors may negatively affect (interference effect), positively (redundancy effect) or neutrally (null effect). Distractor effects described in literature are classified in accordance with their hypothetical source. The general rule of the theory is also introduced. It contains the formal prediction of the particular distractor effect, based on entropy and redundancy measures from the mathematical theory of communication (Shannon, 1948). Single- vs dual-process frameworks are considered for hypothetical mechanisms which underpin the distractor effects. Distractor profiles (DPs) are also introduced for the formalization and simple visualization of experimental data concerning the distractor effects. Typical shapes of DPs and their interpretations are discussed with examples from three frequently cited experiments. Finally, the paper introduces hierarchical hypothesis that states the level-fashion modulating interrelations between distractor effects of different classes.
Added: Jul 3, 2012
Чернышев Б. В. В кн.: Эволюционная и сравнительная психология в России: традиции и перспективы. М.: Институт психологии РАН, 2013.
С. 91-97.
Added: Dec 5, 2013
It analyses polysemantic terms the subject, the personality, the selfhood and which form sincrets for example subjectivity of selfhood and etc. It reconstructs interpretation of these terms by G.G. Shpet, S.L. Rubinshtein, B.M. Teplov, A.N. Leontiev, etc. It affirms that the main theme of psychological investigation is the personality. On the ontological plane we have two ways of personality: down - to the subject - to a function or to collection of functions, to subject; and up - to the selfhood - to an ideal, to the limit of self-construction, to spirituality and freedom.
Added: Dec 15, 2012
Корягина Н. А., Михайлова Е. В. М.: Юрайт, 2019.
Added: Feb 6, 2019
Уточкин И. С. Психологический журнал. 2010. Т. 31. № 3.
С. 25-32.
Distractor's effect (stimulus which is irrelevant at a certain moment and ignored) on task solving efficiency is considered. It is revealed that according to problem situation and connection with target stimulus any distractor can produce two opposite effects: negative - interference and positive - redundancy effect. Distractor effects' classification based on one of possible grounds - distractor's source: sensory inputs effects, hierarchical effects and correlational effects is given. Possibility of level-hierarchical relation between the three classes of effects is discussed.
Added: Oct 2, 2012
Кларк Б. Р. М.: Издательский дом НИУ ВШЭ, 2011.
Added: Nov 1, 2011
This paper examines the impact of family income on the results of the Unified State Examination (the
USE) and university choice in Russia. We argue that, even under the USE, which was introduced
instead of high school exit exams and university-specific entrance exams, entrants from wealthy
households still have an advantage in terms of access to higher education, since income positively
affects USE scores through the channel of a higher level of investment in pre-entry coaching.
Moreover, richer households make more effective decisions about university. We have found positive
and significant relationships between the level of income and USE results for high school graduates,
with an equal achievement before coaching. We subsequently propose that students from the most
affluent households do invest more in additional types of preparation (pre-entry courses and individual
lessons with tutors), and those extra classes provide a higher return for children from this particular
income group. Finally, we show that holding the result of the USE equal, students with good and fair
marks from wealthy families are admitted to universities with higher average USE score than those
from poorer families. As a result, we can observe that income status is a factor that significantly
influences enrollment to university.
Added: Aug 28, 2012
Кн. 14: Секция 14. Развитие образовательного процесса на основе современной системы интерактивного обучения в условиях модернизации образования. М.: МГТУ «МАМИ», 2012.
Added: Dec 25, 2012
Тенилова Т. Л. Юридическая техника. 2009. № 3. С. 309-316.
Added: Dec 12, 2012
Шапиро Н. А. Литература. Учебно-методический журнал для учителей словесности. 2011. № 14. С. 27-29.
Added: Mar 22, 2013
Exposure to prenatal androgens affects both future behavior and life choices. However, there is still relatively limited evidence on its effects on academic performance. Moreover, the predicted effect of exposure to prenatal testosterone (T) - which is inversely correlated with the relative length of the second to fourth finger lengths (2D:4D) - would seem to have ambiguous effects on academic achievement since traits like confidence, aggressiveness, or risk-taking are not uniformly positive for success in school. We provide the first evidence of a non-linear relationship between 2D:4D and academic achievement using samples from Moscow and Manila. We find that there is a quadratic relationship between high T exposure and markers of achievement such as grades or test scores and that the optimum digit ratio for women in our sample is lower (indicating higher prenatal T) than the average. The results for men are generally insignificant for Moscow but significant for Manila showing similar non-linear effects. Our work is thus unusual in that it draws from a large sample of nearly a thousand university students in Moscow and over a hundred from Manila for whom we also have extensive information on high school test scores, family background and other potential correlates of achievement. Our work is also the first to have a large cross country comparison that includes two groups with very different ethnic compositions.
Added: Aug 28, 2012
Жунич И. И., Ткачева Н. Л. Вып. 1: Содержание профессиональной подготовки по иностранным языкам в неязыковом вузе: современные тенденции, актуальные проблемы, пути решения: доклады и материалы Международной научно-практической конференции. М.: Логос, 2012.
Added: Apr 29, 2015
Успенская Е. А.,
Шмаль М. В. Альманах современной науки и образования. 2011. № 3(46).
С. 171-181.
Added: Dec 14, 2012
Institutions affect investment decisions, including investments in human capital. Hence institutions are relevant for the allocation of talent. Good market-supporting institutions attract talent to productive value-creating activities, whereas poor ones raise the appeal of rent-seeking. We propose a theoretical model that predicts that more talented individuals are particularly sensitive in their career choices to the quality of institutions, and test these predictions on a sample of around 95 countries of the world. We find a strong positive association between the quality of institutions and graduation of college and university students in science, and an even stronger negative correlation with graduation in law. Our findings are robust to various specifications of empirical models, including smaller samples of former colonies and transition countries. The quality of human capital makes the distinction between educational choices under strong and weak institutions particularly sharp. We show that the allocation of talent is an important link between institutions and growth.
Added: Jun 1, 2012
Черных А. И. Политическая теория и политический анализ. WP14. Высшая школа экономики, 2012. № 03.
Added: May 3, 2012
Татарко А. Н. Психология образования в поликультурном пространстве. 2012. Т. 17. № 1.
С. 47-55.
Added: Sep 12, 2012
Таллинн: Таллинн, 2012.
Added: Dec 26, 2012
Valletta: ELRA, 2010.
Added: Dec 17, 2012
Черных А. И. Политическая теория и политический анализ. WP14. Высшая школа экономики, 2012. № 04.
Added: May 11, 2012
Аистов А. В.,
Леонова Л. А. ÐаÑÑнÑе Ð´Ð¾ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑаÑоÑии колиÑеÑÑвенного анализа и моделиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñкономики. P1. ÐижегоÑодÑкий Ñилиал ÐÐУ ÐШÐ, 2010. â Р1/2010/04.
Added: May 21, 2012
Тулякова И. И., Бочкарева Н. С. Мировая литература в контексте культуры. 2008. № 3(1). С. 150-154.
Added: Dec 11, 2014