Две группы исторических нарративов в российском консерватизме (1860-е – начало 1900-х гг.)

Вестник Православного Свято-Тихоновского гуманитарного университета. Серия 2: История. История Русской Православной Церкви. 2024.

Хасанов Р. Р.

This article proposes a classification of historical narratives constructed by Russian conservative ideologists in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The study highlights two contradictory views on the history of Russia in a conservative environment – «materialistic» and «ideocratic». The «materialistic» view was characterized by an explanation of the specifics of Russian history by external and geographical reasons. Supporters of this view were more optimistic, in comparison with the «ideocrats», on the issue of borrowing Western technologies and practices. In its purest form, the «materialistic» view manifested itself in texts written by thinkers associated with M.N. Katkov and his publications. K.P. Pobedonostsev proposed a peculiar version of the «materialistic» approach that was different from Katkov’s view. The «ideocrats», on the contrary, attached central importance to «spiritual» factors in the history of Russia. They were more convinced than the «materialists» that each culture in the process of development goes its own unique way. K.N. Leontiev and L.A. Tikhomirov made the greatest contribution to the development of the «ideocratic» view at this time. The work is written within the framework of the history of ideas on the broad material of Russian journalistic writings of the 1860s - early 1900s.

Keywords: идеология, консерватизм, национализм, история идей, публицистика, journalism, conservatism, history of ideas, происхождение государства, historical narrative, исторический нарратив, nationalism, ideology, origin of the state