Распространённость гериатрических синдромов у лиц в возрасте старше 65 лет: первые результаты российского эпидемиологического исследования ЭВКАЛИПТ

Российский кардиологический журнал. 2020. Т. 25. № 10. С. 168–178.

Ткачева О., Воробьева Н., Котовская Ю., Остроумова О., Черняева М., Силютина М., Чернов А., Тестова С., Ovcharova L., Selezneva E.

Goal. To study the prevalence of geriatric syndromes and assess their relationship with senile asthenia syndrome (AS) in persons aged ≥65 years living in regions of the Russian Federation with different demographic, climatic and socio-economic characteristics.

Material and methods. We examined 664 patients aged 65-107 years (mean age 79 ± 9 years; 25% men) living in Moscow (n = 365) and Voronezh (n = 299). All patients underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment, which consisted of two stages: a questionnaire using a specially developed questionnaire and an objective examination.

Results. The prevalence of SA syndrome was 66.4%, including 47.4% in persons aged 65-74, 71.1% in 75-84 years, and 82.8% for ≥85 years (p for trend <0.001 ). AS syndrome was associated with age (odds ratio (OR) 2.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.89-2.93; p <0.001) and female sex (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.06 -2.18; p = 0.024). Patients with CA syndrome had a lower socioeconomic status. Also, close associations of SA with other geriatric syndromes (cognitive impairment, depression, visual and hearing deficits, urinary incontinence, falls, high risk of falls, basic and functional dependence in everyday life, malnutrition) with OR from 1.32 to 7.22 were revealed.

Conclusion: The first results of the Russian epidemiological study Eucalyptus indicate a high incidence of SA syndrome in persons aged ≥65 years and a close association of SA with other geriatric syndromes and socio-economic factors.

Keywords: geriatric syndrome, senile asthenia, epidemiological study, elderly patient, гериатрический синдром, старческая астения, эпидемиологическое исследование, пожилой пациент