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АЛГОРИТМЫ ПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКОЙ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ ДЛЯ НЕЛИНЕЙНЫХ СИСТЕМ, ОСНОВАННЫЕ НА НЕОБХОДИМЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ ОПТИМАЛЬНОСТИ
We formulate the optimal control problem for a class of nonlinear objects that can be represented as objects with linear structure and state-dependent coefficients. The linear structure of the transformed nonlinear system and the quadratic quality functional let us, in the optimal control synthesis, to pass from Hamilton–Jacobi equations to a state-dependent Riccati equation. The main problem is the implementation of an optimal control problem is related to the search for solutions of this equation in the rate of the object functioning. This paper proposes a method of an algorithmic parameter optimization of the controller based on the use of the necessary conditions for the optimality of the considered control systems. The constructed algorithms can be used both for optimizing the non-stationary objects themselves, if the corresponding parameters are selected for this purpose, and for optimizing the entire managed system by means of the corresponding parametric adjustment of the regulators. The effectiveness of the developed algorithms is demonstrated by the example of medical treatment of patients with HIV.
Evolutionary games are used in various elds stretching from economics to biology. Most assume a constant payoff matrix, although some works also consider dynamic payoff matrices. In this article we propose a possibility of switching the system between two regimes with different sets of payoff matrices. Such a model can qualitatively describe the development of bacterial or cancer cells with a mutator gene present. A nite population evolutionary game is studied. The model describes the simplest version of annealed disorder in the payoff matrix and is exactly solvable. We analyze the dynamics of the model, and derive the equations for both the maximum and the variance of the distribution by applying the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. Therefore, we present an exactly solvable version of an evolutionary game with annealed noise in the payoff matrix.
We propose a modification of the Crow-Kimura and Eigen models of biological molecular evolution to include a mutator gene that causes both an increase in the mutation rate and a change in the fitness landscape. This mutator effect relates to a wide range of biomedical problems. There are three possible phases: mutator phase, mixed phase and non-selective phase. We calculate the phase structure, the mean fitness and the fraction of the mutator allele in the population, which can be applied to describe cancer development and RNA viruses. We find that depending on the genome length, either the normal or the mutator allele dominates in the mixed phase. We analytically solve the model for a general fitness function. We conclude that the random fitness landscape is an appropriate choice for describing the observed mutator phenomenon in the case of a small fraction of mutators. It is shown that the increase in the mutation rates in the regular and the mutator parts of the genome should be set independently; only some combinations of these increases can push the complex biomedical system to the non-selective phase, potentially related to the eradication of tumors.
We construct an example of blow-up in a ”ow of min-plus linear operators arising as solution operators for a Hamilton…Jacobi equation @S/@t+|∇S| / + U(x, t) = 0, where > 1 and the potential U(x, t) is uniformly bounded together with its gradient. The construction is based on the fact that, for a suitable potential de“ned on a time interval of length T, the absolute value of velocity for a Lagrangian minimizer can be as large as O(log T)2−2/ . We also show that this growth estimate cannot be surpassed. Implications of this example for existence of global generalized solutions to randomly forced Hamilton…Jacobi or Burgers equations are discussed.
This article addresses the control task for nonlinear system that can be presented as nonlinear differential system with linear structure and parameters depending on object state. Usage of quadratic cost function allows developing control with coefficients that include solution of Riccati equation in real time. The rather common way is to solve Riccati equation at rate of object functioning which requires high performance controller what is not appropriative in some applications. The method, represented in this article, is useful when system state space is compact and performance or weight of control hardware is critical. It is offered to calculate regulator coefficients in advance and to keep them in memory of the control device. Calculation of coefficients quantity and memory size depending on accuracy of calculations is provided. The mathematical simulation of aircraft controlled by such regulator was made for verification.
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.
The Handbook of CO₂ in Power Systems' objective is to include the state-of-the-art developments that occurred in power systems taking CO₂ emission into account. The book includes power systems operation modeling with CO₂ emissions considerations, CO₂ market mechanism modeling, CO₂ regulation policy modeling, carbon price forecasting, and carbon capture modeling. For each of the subjects, at least one article authored by a world specialist on the specific domain is included.
Let k be a field of characteristic zero, let G be a connected reductive algebraic group over k and let g be its Lie algebra. Let k(G), respectively, k(g), be the field of k- rational functions on G, respectively, g. The conjugation action of G on itself induces the adjoint action of G on g. We investigate the question whether or not the field extensions k(G)/k(G)^G and k(g)/k(g)^G are purely transcendental. We show that the answer is the same for k(G)/k(G)^G and k(g)/k(g)^G, and reduce the problem to the case where G is simple. For simple groups we show that the answer is positive if G is split of type A_n or C_n, and negative for groups of other types, except possibly G_2. A key ingredient in the proof of the negative result is a recent formula for the unramified Brauer group of a homogeneous space with connected stabilizers. As a byproduct of our investigation we give an affirmative answer to a question of Grothendieck about the existence of a rational section of the categorical quotient morphism for the conjugating action of G on itself.
This proceedings publication is a compilation of selected contributions from the “Third International Conference on the Dynamics of Information Systems” which took place at the University of Florida, Gainesville, February 16–18, 2011. The purpose of this conference was to bring together scientists and engineers from industry, government, and academia in order to exchange new discoveries and results in a broad range of topics relevant to the theory and practice of dynamics of information systems. Dynamics of Information Systems: Mathematical Foundation presents state-of-the art research and is intended for graduate students and researchers interested in some of the most recent discoveries in information theory and dynamical systems. Scientists in other disciplines may also benefit from the applications of new developments to their own area of study.
Let G be a connected semisimple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k. In 1965 Steinberg proved that if G is simply connected, then in G there exists a closed irreducible cross-section of the set of closures of regular conjugacy classes. We prove that in arbitrary G such a cross-section exists if and only if the universal covering isogeny Ĝ → G is bijective; this answers Grothendieck's question cited in the epigraph. In particular, for char k = 0, the converse to Steinberg's theorem holds. The existence of a cross-section in G implies, at least for char k = 0, that the algebra k[G]G of class functions on G is generated by rk G elements. We describe, for arbitrary G, a minimal generating set of k[G]G and that of the representation ring of G and answer two Grothendieck's questions on constructing generating sets of k[G]G. We prove the existence of a rational (i.e., local) section of the quotient morphism for arbitrary G and the existence of a rational cross-section in G (for char k = 0, this has been proved earlier); this answers the other question cited in the epigraph. We also prove that the existence of a rational section is equivalent to the existence of a rational W-equivariant map T- - - >G/T where T is a maximal torus of G and W the Weyl group.