Анализ состояния разрешительной системы в Российской Федерации

Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2017. № 2. С. 57–82.

Knutov A., Plaksin S., Chaplinskiy A.

The Administrative permit system is an important tool to protect the constitutional order, the rights and legitimate interests of citizens, public health and morals, national security in any national legal regime.

Earlier researches on the Russian permitting system don't include the issues related to the assessment of the number of permit types and the quality of regulatory of permitting activities. The article aims to fill this gap. It presents a study of the Russian permitting system using both the legal and statistical methods of research.

The authors identified 22 forms of permitting activity, which are divided into two groups. The first group includes 9 typical (the most abundant) forms of permitting activity. The second group included atypical forms, which are numerically small permits. 541 permits has been revealed during the inventory, including 465 standard and 76 atypical.

The authors investigated the quality of regulatory in this area. A proper regulatory basis does not exist in respect of 5% of permits, detailed legal regulation - in respect of 10% of the permits. Administrative regulations have not been approved in respect of 35% of permits.

The article describes the shortcomings of the Russian system of permits. Systemic problems are related to the lack of codified law on permitting activity. The most significant problems are: lack of legislative definition of permits, policies and performance standards; the absence of legislation establishing the closed lists of permits; lack of a unified accounting system of permits. The authors provide methods of solving these problems.

Keywords: экспертиза, аккредитация, лицензирование, сертификация, аттестация, регистрация, административный регламент, expertise, certification, accreditation, Licensing, разрешительная деятельность, registration, согласование, administrative regulations, attestation, разрешительная система, administrative permit, permit system, permitting activity, approval, административное разрешение