Коллективные воспоминания о первом полете человека в космос: анализ качественных данных

Информационный гуманитарный портал Знание. Понимание. Умение. 2016. № 5.

Емельянова Т. П., Vopilova I., Озерова А. М., Мишарина А. В.

The article presents the results of a study of collective memories about the first human spaceflight. The study is dedicated to the 55th anniversary of this event. A specialized questionnaire was devised for detecting categories used by respondents in their reasoning about the first human spaceflight. It includes free associations for the phrase “The first human spaceflight” and a group of sociodemographic questions. The interviews were carried out in electronic form. 412 people aged 16–80 took part in the study. The P. Vergès method was used for processing the extracted associations. This allowed determining the structure of representations. A content analysis of associations was carried out across the whole sample and separately — for two contrasting age groups: 18–23 years old youths and respondents aged 55+. Some differences between the two age groups in representing the first human spaceflight were detected. Older people tend to represent the considered event more emotionally, while categories describing emotional states are absent in young respondents’ associations. The youths’ associations are more abstract and do not contain concrete facts about Yuri Gagarin’s flight, while more attention is paid to science and technology development.

Keywords: collective memory, коллективная память, социальные представления, качественные методы, historical memory, историческая память, qualitative methods, social representations, first human spaceflight, free associations, метод свободных ассоциаций, первый полет в космос