Article
Психодиагностика трудовой мотивации: опыт разработки методики
This article summarizes the elaboration experience of new method, oriented to work motivation diagnostics. According to constructing method, work motivation could be diagnosed by a procedure of comparetive appraisal of motivational objects. The results of pilot research and perspective of new method elaboration are presented.
The article features a new technique of work motivation diagnostics based on the new developed concept of motivational task. A motivational task is a tool for self-appraisal of the field of motivational objects allowing further reconstruction of motivational space. The conditions of the motivational task resolution have been implemented in the diagnostic procedure “Motivational Map”. The diagnostics procedure consists in multiple visual appraisal of 16 motivational objects (J.Nuttin) within a dimensional graphic space determined by 6 evaluation scales. To indicate the geometric patterns that reflect the relationship between motivational objects used the term subjective motivation space, based on the definition of subjective psychological space in modern models of multidimensional scaling. Conditions of motivational tasks are: ranking of motivational objects, determination of the subjective center of motivational space, multiple comparative evaluation of motivational objects, successive refinement of estimates motivational objects, adjusting the motivational space with a view of placing high priority motivational object. Approbation of new assesment technique was conducted on a sample of 206 financial specialists and included two series - test and retest. Collected results were compared with the scores received with the help of standard questionnaires. The construct validity of the methodology was assessed by means of the regression analysis. The scales used in the standard methodologies of work motivation assessment served as the independent variables, while the parameters registered by the developed methodology served as the dependent variables. In the course of validity analysis 32 highly important regression models were established. The results of psychometric verification of validity and reliability are presented in the article.
The scientific importance.
Paper shows the results of the development of new methodological tools, based on diagnostics of work motivation, proved the principal possibility of diagnostics of motivation by obtaining subjective differences between motivational objects in space of evaluation scales.
Novelty and originality.
Paper presents original the original procedure of work motivationevaluation, involving the decision motivational tasks in the conditions of involuntary comparison of 16 motivational objects on 6 evaluation criteria.
Relevance.
The urgency of work motivation issues has increased during the transition from a command to a market economy in the early 1990s, when management principles have been changed. Modern trends of business development in Russia assume more and more companies which are interested in the effective management of human capital. Motivation is one of the most important parts of HR proceses in organization.
This article describes new work motivation diagnostics procedure, which presupposesproblem tasksolution. Conditions of the task make respondent reflect and evaluate the majority of his/her motives. It is shown that experimental data received in an interval scale.
The scientific importance. Hypothesis that material stimulation has a strong impact on the more parameters of motivational space in the situation of employment then in situation of inclusion in work activities was proved.
Novelty and originality. To conduct the study computational method for diagnostics of work motivation "Motivational map" (developed and approbated by the authors) was used.
Relevance. The stimulation of workers is one of the priority directions in modern organizations. There are various tools of material and non-material motivation, but the performance management practice meets some difficulties, pointed out by organizational psychologists. The most controversial question of the relation between material and non-material motivation.
The distractive effects on attentional task performance in different paradigms are analyzed in this paper. I demonstrate how distractors may negatively affect (interference effect), positively (redundancy effect) or neutrally (null effect). Distractor effects described in literature are classified in accordance with their hypothetical source. The general rule of the theory is also introduced. It contains the formal prediction of the particular distractor effect, based on entropy and redundancy measures from the mathematical theory of communication (Shannon, 1948). Single- vs dual-process frameworks are considered for hypothetical mechanisms which underpin the distractor effects. Distractor profiles (DPs) are also introduced for the formalization and simple visualization of experimental data concerning the distractor effects. Typical shapes of DPs and their interpretations are discussed with examples from three frequently cited experiments. Finally, the paper introduces hierarchical hypothesis that states the level-fashion modulating interrelations between distractor effects of different classes.
This article describes the expierence of studying factors influencing the social well-being of educational migrants as mesured by means of a psychological well-being scale (A. Perrudet-Badoux, G.A. Mendelsohn, J.Chiche, 1988) previously adapted for Russian by M.V. Sokolova. A statistical analysis of the scale's reliability is performed. Trends in dynamics of subjective well-being are indentified on the basis the correlations analysis between the condbtbions of adaptation and its success rate, and potential mechanisms for developing subjective well-being among student migrants living in student hostels are described. Particular attention is paid to commuting as a factor of adaptation.