Два Демона – два разных мира: о миросозерцании Пушкина и Лермонтова

Метаморфозис. 2024. Т. 9. № 1. С. 22–32.

Девликамов Р. Т.

The article presents the author’s attempt to identify and comprehend the philosophical presuppositions of the artistic worldview of A.S. Pushkin and M.Yu. Lermontov by means of comparative analysis of similar plots in the poets’ works. To identify the philosophical premises, the article compares the fate of demons in Lermontov’s poem ‘‘Demon’’ and in Pushkin’s poems ‘‘Demon’’ and ‘‘Angel’’. The present paper shows that in the basis of Pushkin’s worldview the ideal harmony is preserved, while in Lermontov there was a breakdown of the classical intuition of being. To comprehend the results obtained, a comparative analysis of poems in which the poets reflect directly on the meaning of life was carried out: Pushkin’s ‘‘Poems Composed at Night During Insomnia’’ and Lermontov’s ‘‘And Bored and Sad’’. The comparison has shown that when Pushkin and Lermontov face to face ‘‘confronted’’ with the need to answer the question about the meaning of life, they gave fundamentally opposite answers, corresponding to the philosophical presuppositions of their worldviews identified in the preceding analysis.

Keywords: бытие, смысл жизни, гармония, being, worldview, harmony, demons, angels, meaning of life, Pushkin, А. С. Пушкин, Лермонтов, Lermontov, Демон, Ангел, миросозерцание

Publication based on the results of: Russia and Europe in the 19th Century: Intellectual Interactions in the Socio-Political Context (2024)