Становление нейроправа: опыт Китая и курс ООН

Журнал зарубежного законодательства и сравнительного правоведения. 2023. Т. 19. № 2. С. 108–119.

Budnik R.

The actualization of the concept of neurolaw is due to the high rates of development of neuroscience and the staging of increasingly bold experiments on the use of neurotechnologies with human participation. Advances in cognition of the brain structure and mental activity bring to society both positive changes in the field of medicine, education, business and technological progress, as well as significant risks to fundamental human rights and freedoms. These orthogonal trends are most clearly manifested in the People’s Republic of China against the background of the achievements of local scientists and neuropractic engineers. The international legal community under the auspices of the United Nations, represented by the UNESCO Bioethics Profile Committee, calls for ensuring that citizens of the world have the right to protection from neurotechnological interference in their consciousness and a guarantee that human brain activity data will not be used, made public and transferred to third parties without informed and explicit consent. The UN, together with the international scientific foundation “Neurolaw”, is developing a system of amendments to international conventions in order to update their provisions for the protection of human rights in the context of the spread of neurotechnological innovations. The author of the article explores a complex of legal problems related to the influence of neurotechnologies on human rights and freedoms. Promising areas of neuro-legal research are indicated.

Keywords: права человека, Китай, China, human rights, soft law, neurotechnology, UN conventions, neurolaw, neuropractice, нейроправо, нейротехнология, нейропрактика, конвенции ООН