• A
  • A
  • A
  • АБВ
  • АБВ
  • АБВ
  • A
  • A
  • A
  • A
  • A
Обычная версия сайта
  • RU
  • EN
  • HSE University
  • Publications
  • Articles
  • Оценка сложности русских правовых текстов: архитектура модели
  • RU
  • EN
Расширенный поиск
Высшая школа экономики
Национальный исследовательский университет
Priority areas
  • business informatics
  • economics
  • engineering science
  • humanitarian
  • IT and mathematics
  • law
  • management
  • mathematics
  • sociology
  • state and public administration
by year
  • 2027
  • 2026
  • 2025
  • 2024
  • 2023
  • 2022
  • 2021
  • 2020
  • 2019
  • 2018
  • 2017
  • 2016
  • 2015
  • 2014
  • 2013
  • 2012
  • 2011
  • 2010
  • 2009
  • 2008
  • 2007
  • 2006
  • 2005
  • 2004
  • 2003
  • 2002
  • 2001
  • 2000
  • 1999
  • 1998
  • 1997
  • 1996
  • 1995
  • 1994
  • 1993
  • 1992
  • 1991
  • 1990
  • 1989
  • 1988
  • 1987
  • 1986
  • 1985
  • 1984
  • 1983
  • 1982
  • 1981
  • 1980
  • 1979
  • 1978
  • 1977
  • 1976
  • 1975
  • 1974
  • 1973
  • 1972
  • 1971
  • 1970
  • 1969
  • 1968
  • 1967
  • 1966
  • 1965
  • 1964
  • 1963
  • 1958
  • More
Subject
News
October 12, 2026
Road Injuries Leading Cause of Death Among Men Aged 10 to 39
Worldwide, road injuries are the leading cause of death among males aged 10–39. An international team of researchers reached this conclusion as part of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, analysing data from 204 countries between 1990 and 2023. Their findings have been published in The Lancet Public Health, with HSE University Professor Vasily Vlassov listed among the collaborators.
October 8, 2026
HSE Experts Take Part in 23rd Annual Meeting of Valdai Discussion Club
The 23rd Annual Meeting of the Valdai Discussion Club was held from September 28 to October 1, 2026 under the theme ‘Responsibility for the Future: Limits of the Possible, or Limitless Possibilities?’ The forum brought together 120 experts from 40 countries, including representatives of China, the United States, India, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Germany, Egypt, Iran, and Japan.
October 7, 2026
‘Our Team Consists of True Leaders in Their Respective Academic Disciplines
The HSE International Centre of Decision Choice and Analysis studies a wide range of methods for analysing decision-making and possible scenarios for the development of natural, socio-economic, and political phenomena using various mathematical models. The application of advanced mathematical methods to forecasting helps to prevent negative outcomes and avoid erroneous decisions. The HSE News Service spoke to the centre’s director, Prof. Fuad Aleskerov, about its work.

 

Have you spotted a typo?
Highlight it, click Ctrl+Enter and send us a message. Thank you for your help!

Publications
  • Books
  • Articles
  • Chapters of books
  • Working papers
  • Report a publication
  • Research at HSE

?

Оценка сложности русских правовых текстов: архитектура модели

Мир русского слова. 2022. № 2. С. 4–13.
Blinova O. V.

The paper describes the metrics-based model for assessing complexity of Russian legal texts. The architecture of the model implies the use of 130 metrics divided into following categories: “basic metrics”, “readability formulas”, “words of different part-of-speech classes”, “n-grams of part-of-speech tags”, “frequency of lemmas”, “word-building patterns”, “grammes”, “lexical and semantic features, multi-word expressions”, “syntactic features”, “cohesion assessments”. Two metrics take into account hypertext links and the presence of vague contexts. The model is able to evaluate structural, conceptual, and hypertextual complexity, including both non-specific metrics traditionally used to predict complexity and style-specific metrics developed taking into account the peculiarities of official texts. When evaluating morphological and syntactic features, the model refers to the markup layers performed by UDPipe (“ru-syntagrus”) and pymorphy2. The model uses a number of user dictionaries, including: a list of lexical means of text deixis, a list of graphic abbreviations (1.5 thousand units), a list of acronyms (2 thousand units), a list of legal terms (10 thousand units), a list of abstract lemmas (17 thousand units), a list of lexical indicators of deontic possibility and necessity, a list of light verb constructions. The values of complexity metrics were calculated for all documents of the CorCodex law corpus, the CorDec corpus of Constitutional court decisions, and the CorRIDA corpus of local acts (about 8 million tokens in total). Annotated legal corpora, complexity metrics, and user dictionaries are available for download from plaindocument.org.

Research target: Philology and Linguistics
Language: Russian
Full text
DOI
Text on another site
Keywords: readabilityчитабельность текстаRussian legal textscomplexity assessment modellinguistic metricsмодель оценки сложностирусские правовые текстыязыковые метрики
Similar publications
“快”之疾速义何时产生——兼论新义产生的判断标准
Qiang S., Linguistic Research 2025 No. 3 P. 76–85
The determination of new words and meanings is a key issue in lexical history studies. However, common reliance on identifying “the earliest examples” can be challenged by textual complexity and subjective disagreements. Focusing on the emergence of the FAST meaning of kuai (快), this study proposes criteria for identifying new meanings from the perspective of the lexical system. ...
Added: October 12, 2026
Неканонические имена белого духовенства в истории русского языка
Budennaya E., Русская речь 2026 Т. 4 С. 57–78
This study analyzes non-calendar and hypocoristic Christian names within the Russian white clergy. It identifi es two active periods of name formation using Slavic hypocoristic suffi xes: the 11th — 14th centuries (peaking in the 12th) and the 16th — 17th centuries. The fi rst period is tied to the general adoption of Christian names, where diminutive forms acted ...
Added: October 11, 2026
Гипокористические имена на -ец- в древнерусском языке
Budennaya E., Slovĕne 2026 Т. 1 С. 31–67
The article examines Old Russian anthroponyms with the suffix -ec-, originally conveying the meaning ‘less than X’. A diachronic corpus study of 11th–17th-century texts reveals that while this suffix lacked inherent pejorative connotations in Old Russian sources, contextual (adherent) pejoration is clearly observable. For pre-15th-century chronicles, two primary usage patterns are identified—1) characters with explicit negative evaluation, and 2) ...
Added: October 11, 2026
Рассказ о Вавилонской башне (Быт 11:1–9). Новый перевод и комментарий
Seleznev M., Луппова А. А., Вестник Свято-Филаретовского института 2026 Т. 18 № 1(57) С. 10–35
The story of the Tower of Babel (Gen 11:1-9) is one of the key episodes in the narratives of the Book of Genesis. In modern scholarship, various—often sharply divergent—datings of this pericope are proposed, as well as different interpretations of its place in the picture of the formation of the biblical text that was put ...
Added: October 9, 2026
История Каина и Авеля (Быт 4:1–16). Новый перевод и комментарий
Seleznev M., Луппова А. А., Вестник Свято-Филаретовского института 2026 Т. 18 № 2 (58) С. 322–349
Like other narratives in the Book of Genesis, the story of Cain and Abel (Gen 4:1–16) has been studied and commented upon for more than two millennia. However, recent scholarship has introduced significant revisions to traditional interpretations. Over the past five years, several monumental commentaries on Genesis 1–11 have been published, offering new—and sometimes mutually ...
Added: October 9, 2026
FROM THE HISTORY OF LXX AND QUMRAN STUDIES: THE BIRTH, DEATH, AND POSTHUMOUS EXISTENCE OF AN ALLEGED DEUT 32:8 FRAGMENT OF 4QDEUTQ
Seleznev M., Vestnik Drevnei Istorii 2026 Vol. 3 No. 86 P. 589–592
The article reconstructs the 'biography' of an alleged (in fact, non-existent) fragment of 4QDeutq said to contain a non-Masoretic reading of Deut 32 : 8. It traces how erroneous references to the fragment emerged during the preliminary publication of the Scrolls in the 1950s, the scholarly attention this fragment received, its eventual disappearance from Qumran studies after the official ...
Added: October 9, 2026
Субстантивное число в шугнанском языке: корпусное и экспериментальное исследование
Ronko R., Тимофеева В. Д., Индоиранские языки 2026 Т. 2 № 2 С. 117–146
The paper is devoted to the variable number marking in Shughni nouns and reports the results of corpus and experimental studies. In some languages, including Shughni, the marking of plural nouns is not compulsory. Many factors such as animacy, referentiality, morphological and semantic properties, or syntactic position may determine the presence or absence of number marking. The corpus study investigates ...
Added: October 8, 2026
Вариативность форм настоящего времени глагола быть в корпусе говора села Спиридонова Буда (Злынковский район, Брянская область): проблема на стыке грамматики и социолингвистики
Ronko R., Zemicheva S., Труды института русского языка им. В.В. Виноградова 2026 Т. 3 № 49 С. 133–149
In the dialects of the Russian-Belarusian borderland, the verb byt’ ‘to be’ in the present tense is represented by a set of short (e, ё) and full forms (ecть, ёсць, etc.). This article investigates the variability of these forms in the dialect corpus of the village of Spiridonova Buda (Zlynkovskij District, Bryansk Region) and in ...
Added: October 8, 2026
Экспедиции диалектологического кружка НИУ ВШЭ в деревни Западнодвинского района Тверской области
Ronko R., RHEMA. РЕМА 2026 № 1 С. 9–20
In the introductory article to the thematic volume devoted to grammatical research on the speech of several villages, the main linguistic-geographical information about the dialect is presented, along with a description of the key methodological principles for working with the material. The dialects under study belong to the group of the Pskov dialects and border ...
Added: October 8, 2026
Рецепция философии Ф.В.Й. Шеллинга в поздних работах А.Ф. Лосева
Rezvykh P. V., Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Философия 2026 Т. 30 № 1 С. 127–143
The issue delivers an analysis of schellingian motives in the later works by A.F. Losev. The author brings information about Losev’s retrospective evaluation of Schelling’s influence on the formation of his own philosophical approach, it’s specific character and it’s grade. The author shows that all the main investigation projects of the later Losev which have ...
Added: October 7, 2026
Выставка крокодилов в Пассаже в 1864 году: к истории замысла повести «Крокодил» и заметки «Нечто личное» Ф. М. Достоевского
Pershkina A., Slovĕne 2026 Т. 15 № 1 С. 174–192
The article newly presents archival materials from the Directorate of Imperial Theaters relative to the organization of a crocodile exhibition held in St. Petersburg Passage department store in the autumn of 1864, along with newspaper reports on the event. The close analysis of specific articles demonstrates that this exhibition served as the direct inspiration and ...
Added: October 5, 2026
Nomos e poikilía dell'Essere. Genesi metafisica del molteplice. Una deduzione schellinghiana
Dezi A., Sesto San Giovanni: Mimesis, 2026.
This book is a metaphysical inquiry into the nature and origin of the manifold. Taking Schelling’s Erlangen lectures of 1820–1821 as its point of departure and hermeneutic horizon, it develops an interpretation of Nomos that transcends its political, juridical, and social determinations. Nomos thereby emerges as the ontological principle of an infinite, variegated multiplicity of ...
Added: October 2, 2026
Файзов, Д. оии: стихи 2024-2026 годов / Данил Файзов; предисл. М. Павловца. М.: Новое литературное обозрение, 2026. — 160 с. (Серия «Новая поэзия»)
Файзов Д., М.: Новое литературное обозрение, 2026.
Новая книга Д. Файзова пронизана голосами других поэтов. Речь не о расхожей постмодернистской центонности. Это микроинтертекстуальность на уровне конкретных слов и приемов, коллаж осколков чужих голосов, однако таких осколков, которые сохраняют способность отсылать к целому и к тому же вписаны — вклеены на манер аппликации — в узнаваемую интонацию самого поэта. Данил Файзов—поэт, культуртрегер, редактор. ...
Added: October 2, 2026
Manuscript tradition of Kallistos Angelikoudes’ Hesychastic consolation: myths and realities of a fluid text
Vinogradov A., Rodionov O., Travaux et Memoires 2026 Vol. 30 No. 2 P. 1075–1089
This article examines the manuscript tradition of Kallistos Angelikoudes’ Hesychastic consolation, a fluid and complex corpus of thirty Logoi preserved primarily in Vat. gr. 736. The authors survey all known witnesses—including the autograph Barb. gr. 420, the Lond. Arund. 520, and several later copies—and analyze their textual relationships, variant readings, and codicological features. They demonstrate ...
Added: October 1, 2026
Искусство (не)простого юридического письма. Учебное пособие
Knutov A., Chaplinskiy A., Мищенко П. А. et al., М.: Проспект, 2026.
Учебное пособие содержит рекомендации к стилю юридического письма, следование которым поможет сделать его более понятным для читателей. Первая глава систематизирует накопившиеся знания об общих стилевых особенностях языка права и его месте в речевой системе русского языка. Последующие главы посвящены отдельным видам юридических документов: языку законов, языку процессуальных документов, языку договоров и языку юридических аналитических документов. ...
Added: January 26, 2026
Методические рекомендации по повышению удобочитаемости текстов: Как написать нормативный правовой акт простым языком?
Alimpeev D., Knutov A., Plaksin S. et al., М.: Издательский дом НИУ ВШЭ, 2024.
Korney Chukovsky designated clericalism as the sole genuinely substantial malady afflicting the Russian language, and Nora Gal likened the style of official documentation to the consumption of "dry food". In recent decades, it has become increasingly challenging to discern the content of normative documents. This phenomenon can be attributed to several factors, namely the proliferation ...
Added: December 23, 2024
Понятность языка правосудия: опыт эмпирического исследования содержания и синтаксиса судебных решений
Chaplinskiy A., Knutov A., Alimpeev D., Закон 2024 № 2 С. 159–177
For many years, the primary challenges in the legal sphere regarding language in legal proceedings have been the utilization of national languages of the republics and foreign access to justice. However, the authors of this paper hypothesize that citizens and organizations of Russian origin often require assistance in translating “legal Russian” to “everyday Russian”. This ...
Added: February 21, 2024
A hybrid model of complexity estimation: Evidence from Russian legal texts
Olga Blinova, Tarasov N., Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2022 Vol. 5 Article 1008530
This article proposes a hybrid model for the estimation of the complexity of legal documents in Russian. The model consists of two main modules: linguistic feature extractor and a transformer-based neural encoder. The set of linguistic metrics includes both non-specific metrics traditionally used to predict complexity, as well as style-specific metrics developed in order to ...
Added: December 11, 2022
Сложность русских правовых текстов: методы оценки и языковые данные
Blinova O. V., Тарасов Н. А., В кн.: Труды международной конференции «Корпусная лингвистика-2021».: СПб.: Скифия-принт, 2021. С. 175–182.
Our goal is to create a model for the automatic assessment of Russian legal texts complexity. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to create a text collection; perform linguistic markup; highlight the parameters for measuring the complexity, oriented on the selected markup format. These steps are described in this paper. We briefly describe three ...
Added: October 29, 2022
Метрики сложности русских правовых текстов: отбор, использование, первичная оценка эффективности
Blinova O. V., Тарасов Н. А., В кн.: Компьютерная лингвистика и интеллектуальные технологии: По материалам ежегодной международной конференции «Диалог». Вып. 21, дополнительный том.: М.: Изд-во РГГУ, 2022. Гл. 2 С. 1017–1028.
Added: October 29, 2022
Язык нормативных правовых актов: пора ли бить тревогу?
Knutov A., Chaplinskiy A., Alimpeev D., Вестник Пермского университета. Юридические науки 2022 № 3(57) С. 399–426
Introduction: the article describes the experience of assessing the readability of regulatory legal acts by analyzing the complexity of their syntactic constructions. According to the subjective perception, normative texts become more complicated from year to year, which makes it difficult to interpret them and understand the legal meaning. Purpose: to test this hypothesis based on ...
Added: October 3, 2022
Проблема читабельности и коммуникативности в визуальной айдентике
П.Е. Родькин, Декоративное искусство и предметно-пространственная среда. Вестник РГХПУ 2022 № 3-2 С. 225–236
The study analyzes the readability of visual identity in the context of the problem of multimodality and communicativeness, as well as its specific design, plastic and visual-graphic features on the example of city brand logos. As part of an empirical study, a survey of developers of visual identity was conducted, whose position reflects the principles ...
Added: September 30, 2022
  • About
  • About
  • Key Figures & Facts
  • Sustainability at HSE University
  • Faculties & Departments
  • International Partnerships
  • Faculty & Staff
  • HSE Buildings
  • HSE University for Persons with Disabilities
  • Public Enquiries
  • Studies
  • Admissions
  • Programme Catalogue
  • Undergraduate
  • Graduate
  • Exchange Programmes
  • Summer University
  • Summer Schools
  • Semester in Moscow
  • Business Internship
  • Research
  • International Laboratories
  • Research Centres
  • Research Projects
  • Monitoring Studies
  • Conferences & Seminars
  • Academic Jobs
  • Yasin (April) International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development
  • Media & Resources
  • Publications by staff
  • HSE Journals
  • Publishing House
  • iq.hse.ru: commentary by HSE experts
  • Library
  • Economic & Social Data Archive
  • Video
  • HSE Repository of Socio-Economic Information
  • HSE1993–2026
  • Contacts
  • Copyright
  • Privacy Policy
  • Site Map
Edit