?
Что дают числа для измерения в психологии? Обзор критики в адрес нетестируемых допущений психометрики и возможные альтернативы «измерительной» психологии
Despite the increasing number of Russian-language psychometric studies, almost no criticism of these works is encountered. At the same time, global criticism of psychometrics has been growing –not only the inappropriate use of quantitative measurements in psychology, but also the misleading role of numbers in ordering individuals on a continuum of trait or ability is discussed. This article is aimed to introduce Russian-speaking audience to some of the thorny issues of psychometrics, which might otherwise seem either already resolved or irrelevant. Here I critically analyze several fundamental assumptions of psychometrics: psychological attributes (traits and abilities) are quantitative and measurable; modern test theory allows for interval measures; and, if the data fits the model, the test can accurately order individuals on a latent trait (ability) continuum; aggregated data are suitable for drawing conclusions about an individual. Alternative practices free from the aforementioned assumptions are proposed. Those are thought to solve scientific rather than instrumental (measurement) problems.