Парадокс "подпольного" своеволия в творчестве Ф. М. Достоевского: от самоутверждения к самоотрицанию

Метаморфозис. 2022. Т. 6. № 2. С. 12–20.

Рябчинский Н. В.

The article attempts to reveal the problem of “underground” self-will, which is represented in F. Dostoevsky’s works, from the point of paradoxical nature of this phenomenon. The initial thesis of this research is the recognition that the ambition to manifest self-will as a turning into arbitrariness passion for self-affirmation should be considered as the defining characteristic of the “underground men”, the type of which most of Dostoevsky's heroes belong to, starting with the story "Notes from the underground". The analysis of such Dostoevsky’s works as "Notes from the Underground", "Crime and Punishment" and "Demons" shows how the self-will of the "underground" heroes leads them into a state of spiritual slavery. It is concluded that the eternal desire of "underground" heroes to affirm themselves logically and actually leads them to self-denial. Thus, it confirms the fundamental paradoxical phenomenon of self-will. Special emphasis in the article is placed on the problem of the Self and the Other, represented in R. Girard's research.

Keywords: Другой, Р. Жирар, Ф. М. Достоевский, своеволие, "подпольный" герой

Publication based on the results of: XX century: Russia as a problem of Europe and Europe as a problem of Russia (2022)