Волостная администрация и местное самоуправление в современной китайской деревне: самоуправление и cобственность в конце ХХ — начале ХХI в.

Вопросы истории. 2022. № 4 (2). С. 73–84.

Майоров В. М., Stezhenskaya L.

This is the third and final article on administration and self-government in the lowest administrative unit of China — rural municipality (xiang). The current triad of powers of a rural municipality (xiang), a conference of fellow villagers (cunmin huiyi) and a rural collective economic organization (nongcun jiti jingji zuzhi) is discussed. It is shown that the activity of self-government of committees of fellow villagers depends on the activity of collective economic organizations in the village. The common traditional features in the self-organization of the rural population in China and Taiwan are noted. Legislative measures aimed at preserving an independent (self-sustained) peasant economy are pointed out; this category of peasantry certainly acquires traits of a separate social estate. The new trends of rural self-government are compared with the same in organization of municipal associations in Taiwan and street offices and street work commissions in urban China.

Keywords: Китай, законодательство, Тайвань, legislation, China, самоуправление, коллективная собственность, Taiwan, self-government, rural municipality, xiang, волость, сян, collective property