Краудфандинг: социальное предпринимательство и противодействие преступности в этой сфере

Всероссийский криминологический журнал. 2021. Т. 15. № 2. С. 189–198.

Yatsenko, Tatiana S., Тищенко Е. В., Овчинников А. И.

At present, crowdfunding is viewed as a prospective trend in entre- preneurship, an important element of ensuring the economic development of the country. Modern research of crowdfunding mainly focuses on success indi- cators for financing various projects in this segment of economy. However, the specific technical situation of its functioning does not eliminate the risk of fi- nancial losses for investors from various criminal actions of investment seekers, which makes it necessary to assess these risks and pay attention to the problems of current normative regulation of crowdfunding. The authors study different features of crowdfunding, analyzes the models where the risk of abuse is high- est. They also describe signs of crimes in the sphere of crowdfunding, primarily signs of crimes indicating fraudulent actions, and presents factors that make it possible to predict a factual or potential fraud in crowdfunding. The conducted research allowed the authors to conclude that the stress that Russian legisla- tion puts on informing the investor about the persons that seek investment, on their investment proposals, on limiting the sum of investment, is not an effective measure of preventing fraud and that additional measures for protecting inves- tors are necessary.

Keywords: социальное предпринимательство, мошенничество, краудфандинг, инвестиционная платформа