Уголовно-правовые риски цифровизации: использование сетевых коммуникаций и криптовалют в финансировании терроризма

Правоприменение. 2026. Т. 10. № 3. С. 119–127.

Tarasov A.

Translator: Tarasov A.

The article examines the transformation of the structure of criminal conduct associated
with the financing of terrorist activities under the impact of digital financial technologies,
specifically virtual assets, distributed ledgers, anonymised communication channels, and
automated transfer mechanisms.
The main purpose of the study is to verify the scientific hypothesis that the digital
environment fundamentally deconstructs the traditional material forms of criminal
assistance, erasing the boundaries of the objective elements of the offence and blurring
the parameters of criminal liability.
The study is based on a complex methodological framework that integrates formal legal
analysis of criminal law provisions, comparative law methods, and a multi-disciplinary
approach that connects legal doctrine with technical models of blockchain architecture and
decentralised systems.
The study demonstrates that digital financial transformation removes the physical and
material form of criminal action, creating profound difficulties in establishing causation
within distributed transaction chains. Particular attention is devoted to the phenomena of
indirect assistance and "cyber-aiding", which arise from the purely technical maintenance
of digital infrastructure and ensure the operability of value-transfer channels without
exhibiting the traditional features of direct financial provision. Furthermore, the paper
explores the theoretical obstacles to reconstructing criminal intent in digital transfers, as
the automated and decentralised nature of operations obscures the intellectual
components of individual conduct and complicates the assessment of subjective guilt.

Keywords: финансирование терроризма