?
Апробация и валидизация методики веры в свободу/детерминизм (FAD–Plus) на российской выборке
Worldview beliefs related to freedom vs. determinacy in the surrounding and inner world are the focus of active discussion and research in psychological science. The paper presents the results of approbation and construct validation of the Russian-language version of the freedom/determinism beliefs inventory FAD–Plus by D. Paulhus and J. Carey. The results of the research on the sample of first-year psychology students of Moscow universities (N = 372) confirmed the original four-factor structure of the questionnaire, which embraces four scales: Fatalistic determinism (Cronbach’s α = 0.793), Freedom (Cronbach’s α = 0.777), Unpredictability (Cronbach’s α = 0.689), Scientific determinism (Cronbach’s α = 0.675). For the construct validation of the questionnaire, correlations of the inventory scales with a number of variables referring to well-being, motivation and self-regulation were considered, including dispositional and attributional optimism, subjective well-being and emotional state, meaningfulness of life and attitudes to one’s life, psychological needs satisfaction, personal responsibility. The results suggest that the Russian-language version of the method of belief in freedom/determinism has good psychometric characteristics and can be used as a helpful research instrument. Correlational analysis revealed positive relationships between the belief in freedom and multiple characteristics of well-being: satisfaction with life, positive emotions, optimism, meaningfulness of life, attitudes to one’s life, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, personal responsibility and sensitivity to feedback. Other types of beliefs showed weaker correlations with psychological characteristics. The belief in unpredictability was negatively associated with positive emotions, attributive optimism, meaningfulness of life, awareness of life, responsibility and sensitivity to feedback. The belief in scientific determinism had negative correlations with attributional optimism in a situation of success, activity regarding one’s life, sensitivity to feedback and satisfaction of the need for competence. Belief in fatalistic determinism is in many ways similar to scientific determinism in terms of correlations, but unlike the latter, it also positively correlated with satisfaction with life and a sense of harmony with one’s life.