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Всемирная история. Том 4. Мир в XVIII веке / отв. ред. С.Я. Карп. М.: Наука, 2019.2-е издание, исправленное и дополненное
The authors acquaint their readers with the picture of the world in the 18thcentury through the perspective of modern historical scholarship, as well as with the problems of the latest research on the fate of the main regions in that century. The traditional perception of the Enlightenment as a cultural phenomenon, which was limited to European countries and their sphere of influence, was enriched by the perception of this era as a qualitatively new stage in global cultural interaction. The rapid development of contacts between Europe and other civilizations gave contemporaries rich pabulum for reflection on the unity and diversity of the fates of countries and peoples. Do the values closely related to the heritage of the European 18th century (i.e. the ideals of freedom, human rights, progress) have an absolute and universal character? Is it worth fighting to spread them more widely? Or should the inevitability of the coexistence of different value systems, not only in the world but also within individual countries be recognized? How, then, will they be integrated into the process of globalization? These questions, rooted in the Age of Enlightenment, are particularly relevant today.