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Историческая реконструкция как форма театрализации и материализации ностальгии
The concept of historical reenactment is considered in the article as a form of post-memory implementation with the help of conventional theatricalization, which has many elements of the theatrical process: a development of action scenarios, a selection of appropriate natural or architectural scenery, a distribution of roles among the participants, a creation of individual appearance of each character, a coordination of behavioral patterns as a form of historical representation. Thus, there is the thesis that the “new reality” of reenactors is formed through the merging of several other ones - present, past and theatrical realities. At the same time, theatrical reality means a combination of “legends” of recreated characters that justify the choice of costumes, equipment, define the status of participants and set behavioral models.
The role of the reenactment movement in the materialization of post-memory is also substantiated in the article. It happens through the formation of the “reality of past times” by reenactors. This reality is perceived through physical experience associated with the creation and usage of material artifacts, whether it is the production and usage of weapons, military uniforms, household accessories; mastering crafts and leisure activities in the camp. It is emphasized that the question of reliability of materials and artifacts is on the first place among reenactors. Moreover, visible elements of artifacts are equally important as the elements which usually remain invisible to the public.
The article also presents some results of the study, conducted by the authors. The research includes more than 30 clubs of historical reenactment. During the research it has been found that all of them carry out the reenactment of military events; a significant part of them performs a gastronomic reenactment which reflects the gastronomic models of the corresponding epoch; regardless of the reconstructed epoch, organizational and legal form, clubs conduct educational activity that defers depending on the reconstructed epoch by the format and nature of knowledge and skills that participants receive. According to this information, the authors concluded that the clubs of historical reenactment not only carry out the theatricalization and materialization of nostalgia, but also form the post-memory in which it is based.