Роль Главного Вакуфного Управления в советизации мусульманского образования и становлении советской сети школ в Туркестане

Islamology. 2018. Т. 8. № 1. С. 57–77.

Мелентьев Д. В.

The article sheds light on a still poorly studied problem of how traditional Islamic education was initially modernized in the context of buildingof the Soviet school in Turkestan in the 1920s. The focus is made on ashort history of the so-called Waqf Supreme Office that was charged with administration and management of state secular and religious schools (elementary maktabs and advanced college madrasahs) in 1923-1926.The author argues that this institution contributed to the creation of a “Soviet Islam” loyal to the communist state in Central Asia. In addition, the article investigates the role of Jadid reformists in the early Soviet cultural reforms, their relationship with the Turkestan’s Bolsheviks, and thelatter’s attitude to Islamic endowments and other cultural and charitable practices. A special attention is paid to continuities and ruptures between the late imperial and the early Soviet politics to Russia’s own Islam in its (ex-)colonial Oriental borderlands.

Keywords: модернизация, просвещение, образование, modernization, советизация, Turkestan, Туркестан