Изменение, сдвиг или трансформация: анализ методологических подходов к исследованию национальной идентичности

Вестник Пермского университета. Серия: Политология. 2019. Т. 13. № 3. С. 68–77.

Zhyrun I.

The aim of this paper is analysis and synthesis of methodological
approaches in research on national identity change. In result of literature analysis,
this paper outlines methodological approaches that allow tracing of national
identity change. These approaches are classified as broad and narrow ones. Broad
methodological approaches encompass analytical and discursive approaches.
Narrow approaches include sociological methods and the study of components of
national identity: representation of significant Other, representations of the past
and threat construction. The author concludes that the study of national identity
transformation requires a set of complementary approaches, as even when society
experiences a conflict, a drastic and long-term change of national identity that
would touch upon multiple realms of society is not guaranteed. Sociological
methods of identity research capture national identity shift. Yet, they fail to reveal
an array of complex interrelationships between identity elements which are
particularly relevant for population with mixed identities. Discursive approaches
are more appropriate when analyzing the change in meaning construction. In
International Relations, where national identity considered to be a factor that
affects state behavior, there is a need to develop methodological approaches for
research of hegemonic identity. Discursive construction of threat and metha-
analysis of literature on national identity change in the post-soviet space are
potentially interesting for future research. These would be valuable and timely
studies in a changing regional context.

Keywords: дискурс-анализ, Другой, методологический подход, трансформация национальной идентичности, парадоксальный подход