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August 13, 2026
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Artificial intelligence is a working tool based on a balanced combination of algorithms and engineering. Experts and doctoral students from the HSE Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics explain how AI technologies can improve an application, device, or system, and what engineering tasks are solved in the process.
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Аргументация в «праве ученых» стран Западной Европы Средневековья и раннего Нового времени

Гл. IV. С. 320–341.
Poldnikov D.

Legal argumentation can be approached from various angles and presented differently in history. Yet some issues accompany it on all stages of its development. This paragraph examines the doctrine of argumentation of the Roman-canon ius commune at the formation period of the Western legal tradition. On the basis of primary and secondary sources the author studies the conceptual foundations of legal argumentation (modi arguendi) in ius commune, its doctrinal origins, its main content, as well as its sphere of application, the stages and the trends of development. The focus is on the three components of medieval legal argumentation (i.e. ancient philosophy, Roman law, Christian canons), its features, the logic of invention, kinds of arguments (topoi), their grouping, presenting order, rules of evaluating and conducting discussions. Also the author singles out three periods of development of modi arguendi and highlights its major trends. The significance and relevance of medieval modi arguendi is evaluated in the conclusion.

Language: Russian
Full text
Keywords: legal reasoningius communelegal rhetoricius communeаргументация в правесудебная риторикаhistory of legal reasoningистория аргументации

In book

Аргументация в праве и морали. Коллективная монография.
Аргументация в праве и морали. Коллективная монография.
Soboleva A. K., Antonov M., Poldnikov D., Samokhina E., Blokhin P. D. СПб.: Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Издательский Дом "Алеф-Пресс", 2018.
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