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July 2, 2026
Researchers Discover How Spelling Errors Slow Down Reading in Russian
Psycholinguists from the Centre for Language and Brain at HSE University–St Petersburg have shown that words that are frequently misspelled are processed more slowly by readers, even when presented with the correct spelling. The researchers confirmed this effect for the first time using Russian-language materials and found that response speed is most strongly linked to how confidently individuals can distinguish the correct spelling of a word from an incorrect one. The study has been published in The Mental Lexicon.
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Law and Social Constructivism: The Russian School of the Legal Realism Reexamined

Ch. 3.
Medushevsky A. N.

The overarching goal of this chapter is to examine the nature of the Russian psychological school of law from the perspective of the international realist movement. This will allow us to define its most common characteristics, its original ideas and general influence on the development of legal philosophy. Discussing the crisis of legal thought at the beginning of the 20th century, the author shows the impact of Russian legal philosophy on overcoming this impasse. Furthermore, the author emphasizes the role of the psychological approach in the formation of the realist paradigm and its influence on the development of critical theory in early Soviet law as well as its general influence on the legal sociology of the 20th century.

Language: English
Full text
Keywords: Soviet lawlegal realismpsychological approachlegal philosophycritical theoryconctitutional revision
Publication based on the results of:
Конституционные поправки как инструмент трансформации политических режимов в странах постсоветского региона (2017)

In book

Russian Legal Realism
Berlin: Springer, 2018.
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