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ПРО ЭНТРОПИЮ И ИНФОРМАЦИЮ
The work examines the evolution and correlation of the concept of entropy across thermodynamics, statistical physics, and information theory. The author traces the development from Clausius's classical definition of entropy as a state function of a thermodynamic system to its probabilistic interpretation in statistical mechanics (Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy) and Shannon's mathematical definition through uncertainty in communication theory.
Central to the analysis is the examination of the identical mathematical apparatus used by these disciplines despite their fundamentally different physical natures. The content of the Second Law of Thermodynamics is revealed through the lens of statistical fluctuations and the "Maxwell's demon" paradox, demonstrating that extracting useful work from thermal energy is impossible without an expenditure of negentropy on the measurement process. A principle of equivalence is formulated: changes in a system's thermodynamic entropy correspond to changes in the observer's informational entropy. The text separately addresses the concentration of negentropy in living organisms as open systems and the possibility of evolution amidst the universal increase of chaos.