Право на благоприятную окружающую среду: российско-китайское сотрудничество, опыт ШОС

Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право (Российская Федерация). 2026.

Бахилина А. К.

The article emphasises the transboundary nature of global environmental problems and the need for joint solutions at the level of associations of states. Legal regulation is considered one of the fundamental tools in combating environmental problems. For its part, the right to a favourable environment is presented in the work in the context of international and national environmental regulation, as well as regulation at the level of intergovernmental regional organizations. Particular attention is paid to the national experience of Russia and China as the largest states in Eurasia and member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation(SCO). The dynamics of the development of the right under research in China are traced. Effective environmental management solutions adopted in the PRC and potentially adaptable within Russia and the SCO are noted. The environmental policy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is studied in detail, including the latest strategic agreements. The development of green industry and energy, as well as waste management, are identified as key areas of environmental cooperation within the SCO. China's successful experience in the legal regulation of waste ash management is presented, which is proposed to be extrapolated to the legal regulation of the issue at the SCO level. Special attention is paid to prospects for the development of a ‘green’ partnership within the SCO, including the possibility of integration with other intergovernmental regional organisations and support for China's ‘One Belt, One Road’ initiative. China's experience in establishing an emissions trading system is examined, along with the possibility of creating a cross-border system for regulating greenhouse gas emissions in the SCO region.The potential for the creation of a ‘green cloud’ within the SCO in the future is pointed out. Proposals to improve environmental regulation at the SCO level are put forward.

Keywords: экология, окружающая среда, environmental policy, экологическая политика, ШОС, ecology, экологическое право, право на благоприятную окружающую среду, environmental law, SCO, environment, right to a favourable environment, environmental law in China, экологическая политика ШОС