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The history of design law in Russia
This chapter provides an overview of the history of design protection in Russia, with a focus on industrial design protection since the first industrial design Act of 1864. This overview shows that, throughout the deep economic and political transformations of the twentieth century, successive legislators pursued a variety of objectives, such as securing private investment, enhancing workers’ rights, raising consumers’ standard of living, regulating competition on the mass-market and increasing trade volume. The outcomes were not always satisfactory, but they did provide life-size experiments that involved different rationales and forms of design protection in various political and economic environments. Today, design is protected under several chapters of Part IV of the Civil Code, in particular the provisions on industrial design and copyright.