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Эффект выученного невнимания у детей с РАС: результаты эмпирического исследования
When learning new categories, different modes of attention distribution are involved: adults and children over the age of nine rely on selective attention, focusing on a limited number of relevant features, whereas younger children rely on distributed attention. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate distinct attention patterns. The study involved 39 participants: neurotypical children, adults, and children with ASD. At first, the participants learned one categorization rule, and then, according to the task requirements, they had to abandon it and develop a new one. The results showed that adults and children with ASD experienced greater difficulties in shifting rules, with performance among children with ASD decreasing to a critical level. This indicates that children with ASD face challenges in processing new information due to their reliance on selective attention.