Искусственный интеллект на предприятиях России: каковы эффекты для занятости?

Вопросы экономики. 2025. № 9. С. 88–102.

Smirnykh L. I.

This article evaluates the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies on changes in the number of employed workers in Russian enterprises. For the analysis, data from the enterprise survey for the years 2022—2023 were used. The data is representative of Russia. The estimates were obtained using econometric methods. The endogeneity of the regressor (AI) was taken into account in the estimation equations. The results showed that Russia belongs to the group of leading countries in the application of AI technologies by enterprises. At the same time, enterprises that implement AI technologies observed a reduction in the number of employed workers this year compared to the previous year. However, the effects of AI technologies on employment are heterogeneous and vary by the size of the enterprises. The reduction in the number of employed workers was present in large and small enterprises. At the same time, there was an increase in the number of employed workers at medium-sized enterprises. To overcome the problem of workforce reduction and staff shortages, enterprises are recommended to implement continuous training of employees in digital technologies.

Keywords: искусственный интеллект, employment, занятость, personnel management, спрос на труд, labor demand, Экономика персонала, personnel economics, Artificial intelligence (AI)

Publication based on the results of: The Russian labour market: structural transformation in the context of demographic changes and the development of artificial intelligence technologies (2025)