«Эмбрион человека: кто или что?»: обзор панельной дискуссии XIII Петербургского международного юридического форума

Медицинское право: теория и практика. 2025. Т. 11. № 1-2(27-28). С. 9–23.

Dovnar A.

Stimulating the birth rate growth remains a key priority of the state policy of the Russian Federation, and assisted reproductive technologies play a significant role in this process, allowing to involve people with fertility disorders in achieving the goal of preserving the population. Despite the rapid evolution of reproductive medicine and the progressive development of industry legislation, instead of the desired progress, a set of ethical and legal dilemmas is revealed that require the attention of all stakeholders and a balanced response to the challenges of our time. Among the main ethical and legal dilemmas, one can highlight: dualism in determining the status of the embryo, the lack of state control over the production, use and disposal of embryos, the inconsistency of conditions in contractual structures when using reproductive technologies, the conflict between genetic and legal parenthood, the disunity of judicial practice in disputes in the field of postmortem reproduction. All of these and many other issues were raised during the panel discussion «Human embryo: who or what?» on the sidelines of the annual legal forum in St. Petersburg. In the proposed review, the author summarizes the points of view voiced during the discussion, forming a holistic view of the stated issues.

Keywords: демография, гражданское право, семейное право, вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии (ВРТ), healthcare, inheritance law, наследственное право, обсуждение, репродуктивные технологии, family law, медицинское право, medical law, reproductive technologies, панельная дискуссия, правовой статус эмбриона, Assisted reproductive technologies(ARTs), civil law, embryo status, demography, panel discussion