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Playing With Perceptions: Investigating Bias in Soccer Through Skin Tone Manipulation
Social Science Quarterly. 2025. Vol. 106. No. 2. Article e13492.
Objective
This study aims to investigate implicit discrimination in soccer by examining whether participants’ evaluations of fouls are influenced by players’ skin color.
Methods
An optimal experimental design was developed where players’ skin color in soccer videos was artificially altered. Participants were asked to choose the most appropriate penalty for a player committing a foul. The data were analyzed using ordered logit regressions to assess whether skin color influenced the penalties assigned.
Results
Contrary to previous research and popular belief, the results show that participants’ penalty decisions were not significantly influenced by the players’ skin color.
Conclusions
The findings suggest that implicit discrimination may not be present in this context, challenging previous studies that found racial biases in sports. The experimental design and results lay the groundwork for further research into implicit bias in sports contexts.
Language:
English
Publication based on the results of:
Рахманова Л. Я., Яровая П. Р., Москвина Д. А. et al., Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики", 2025.
Книга написана в жанре анти-методички по полевой этнографии и обращена «от студента — к студенту». Все главы объединяет стремление авторов поделиться своим полевым опытом, в рамках которого возникали не только трудности, препятствия, но и радостные открытия, побеждали находчивость или вера в себя. Вводный раздел посвящен поиску границ и природы «поля» в социальной антропологии, тогда как ...
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М.: ООО «Адвансед солюшнз», 2026.
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М.: ООО «Адвансед солюшнз», 2026.
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Dorri Sedeh S., Kosonogov V., Kerimova N. et al., Frontiers in Psychology 2026 Vol. 17 Article 1710257
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As cities continue to grow, access to natural environments is becoming more limited, contributing to increased stress levels in urban populations. Panoramic 360° videos provide a creative and scalable means of simulating natural environments, potentially reducing stress in city residents under controlled settings. Here, we examined whether short immersive experiences in different urban environments support ...
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Kochetkova Ekaterina, Kostanian D., Martynova O. et al., Brain Topography 2026 Vol. 39 No. 4 Article 51
Letter recognition is assumed to involve several levels of analysis, including coarse tuning for category and novelty and more fine tuning for specific features, related to letter orientation. We employed an oddball fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) paradigm with magnetoencephalography (Elekta VectorView, 306 sensors) to study neural discrimination responses in the source space. Using contrasts ...
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Zaikin A., Sviridov I., Sosedka A. et al., Technologies 2026 Vol. 14 No. 2 Article 84
High-dimensional tabular data are common in biomedical and clinical research, yet conventional machine learning methods often struggle in such settings due to data scarcity, feature redundancy, and limited generalization. In this study, we systematically evaluate Synolitic Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs), a framework that transforms high-dimensional samples into sample-specific graphs by training ensembles of low-dimensional pairwise ...
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Loshkareva M. E., Matveeva N., Вестник Томского государственного университета. История 2026 № 100 С. 112–118
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Kadieva D., Blagoveshchensky E., Agranovich O. et al., Frontiers in Psychology 2026 Vol. 17 Article 1832623
Embodied and embedded cognition (EEC) theory proposes that language and cognitive development emerge from bodily interactions with the environment, yet empirical tests of this claim in clinical developmental populations remain rare. This mini-review synthesizes behavioral, electrophysiological, and structural neuroimaging evidence from children with serious early motor disorders—obstetric brachial plexus palsy and arthrogryposis multiplex congenita—which restrict ...
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IEEE, 2026.
The IEEE Russia North West Section, IEEE Russia Section and Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI” are pleased to present the Proceedings of the 2026 Communication Strategies in
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Кияненко И. К., Клиническая и специальная психология 2026 Т. 15 № 1 С. 7–19
Context and relevance. The problem of the impact of urban stress factors on mental health is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of urbanization. Living in cities is accompanied by increased psychophysiological stress, which leads to an increase in the prevalence of mental disorders among urban residents. Objective. The purpose of the article is to ...
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Bulchenko N. V., INTERaction. INTERview. INTERpretation 2026 Vol. 18 No. 1 P. 127–145
This article uses a case study of the first and only female railway engineer in the large northern region of contemporary Russia to examine informal gender discrimination in male-dominated industries. Despite the abolition of legal prohibitions in 2021, women remain severely underrepresented in locomotive crews due to informal barriers. Four in-depth interviews were conducted during ...
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