Методические особенности управления проектами в условиях нестабильной внешней среды

Менеджмент и бизнес-администрирование. 2013. № 3. С. 56–69.

Gergert D. V., Artemyev D. G.

In this article are explored different studies of foreign project management models in a dynamic and uncertain external environment. Most of the concepts and tools described in the literature can be called classic, because their use is limited to the value of a stable and predictable state of the project environment. When project management is facing turbulent and rapidly changing conditions, the effectiveness of traditional approaches is significantly reduced, and it had to "shoot with shaking hands on a moving target." In this case we need to use other working approaches to a wide variety of extreme tools, agile, lean project management.

Review, proposed in the article, covers three basic approaches (Change Management, Lean Project Management, Agile Project Management) and two specials cases (Extreme Project Management, Scrum). In addition to a retrospective review of these approaches are considered in the light of specific conditions of their use, especially types of projects, the most suitable for them. Furthermore, the authors carried out a comparison of conventional and unconventional methods of project management, identify their advantages and limitations of use.

The article has both theoretical and practical value: (1) to achieve a better understanding of the factors and conditions, in which traditional approaches to project management do not work, (2) to reach knowledge about modern methods of project management in dynamic conditions of external environment facing uncertainty, (3) to analyze relationship between the sources of uncertainty in dynamic environments and project management tools that help project-oriented organizations to minimize impact of negative factors and take advantage of all issues arising in the course of project implementation capabilities, and (4) identify possible points of improvement in corporate project management methodologies, by providing them with flexible and useful tools.

Keywords: проектное управление, внешняя среда, project management, methodology, методы, project management instruments, методология управления, environement