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Гомоархический институт в гетерархической системе: церковь и государство в современной Греции
Orthodoxy, nation and state are the ideological basis of the contemporary Greek identity. The Church of Greece has played a great role in the formation and development of the Greek nation and state, which established the deep interconnection between Church institutions and the state system of Greece.
During the two centuries of the independent state’s existence, Greece has repeatedly fluctuated between the homoarchical and heterarchical social and political system, but the general trend demonstrates its gradual shift along the homoarchy – heterarchy axis towards the latter (in other words – from the absolute monarchy to the parliamentary republic). In recent decades, Greece has also been actively participating in the European integration process, establishing a connection between two largely heterarchical systems – the contemporary Greek state and the transnational EU.
These transformations directly affect the nature of the relationship between the state and the invariably homoarchical Church institutions in Greece. In times when the social and political structure tended towards homoarchy, for example during the periods of the Bavarian dynasty absolutist rule or the “Black Colonels” dictatorship, the Church of Greece found itself in a subordinate position towards the government, which aimed to make Orthodoxy a support structure of its own regime. On the contrary, the more heterarchical the state was the more independence the church had. This pattern can be seen clearly at today, when European norms, mandatory for Greece as an EU member state, come into conflict with the ideas and values transmitted by the Church.
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