Мир авторитарного правления в начале XXI века (Часть 1)

Вопросы теоретической экономики. 2025. № 1. С. 79–92.

Nisnevich Y. A.

Th e article is devoted to the study of the world of authoritarian rule in the institutional paradigm. Th e structuring of this world according to a number of features is presented. Th e fi rst part of the article examines the structuring of the authoritarian world according to religion. It distinguishes clusters of Muslim, Christian and Buddhist states, as well as a cluster of states in which followers of none of the religions constitute an absolute majority. It is shown how the features of religion of diff erent clusters infl uence the specifi cs of authoritarian rule. Th us, out of 45 Muslim states — members of the UN, 40 are countries with authoritarian rule. In the Christian world, the picture is diff erent: out of 125 Christian states — members of the UN, only 23 are characterized by stable authoritarian rule, and in another 7 it was the result of authoritarian rollback and cannot yet be considered stable. Comparing the Christian world with the Muslim world, it can be assumed that the Christian world is a much lesser “nutrient medium” and inclined to authoritarian rule than the Muslim world, in the proposed institutional understanding of these worlds. Th e features of authoritarian rule are shown in states, more than 50% of the population of which are followers of the third world religion — Buddhism. Th e communist cluster is also distinguished, in the states of which parties adhering to communist ideology in its various interpretations rule. In the second part of the article, the states of the world of authoritarian rule are structured according to the regional, geographical principle; the factor of instability in the authoritarian world is analyzed; problems associated with the aging of authoritarian leaders, the phenomenon of the "autumn of the patriarchs" are shown. Key words: authoritarian rule, the world of authoritarianism, world religions, states of the Muslim world, states of the Christian world, states of the Buddhist world, states without a dominant religion, states of communist ideology.

Keywords: авторитарное правление, политическая нестабильность, мировые религии, political instability, authoritarian rule, world religions, geographical regions, "autumn of the patriarchs", географические регионы, «осень патриархов»