In the study presents an approach to the modeling power TWT with stopband sections on the basis of the theory of discrete electron-wave interaction. Designed TWT without the use of equivalent circuits of SWS and with use of local coupling impedance and the characteristic equation of degree four.
A linear theory of the discrete interaction of electron beams and electromagnetic waves in slow-wave structures (SWS) is developed. The theory is based on the finite_difference equations of SWS excitation.The local coupling impedance entering these equations characterizes the field intensity excited by the electron beam in interaction gaps and has a finite value at SWS cutoff frequencies. The theory uniformly describes the electron–wave interaction in SWS passbands and stopbands without using equivalent circuits, a circumstance that allows considering the processes in the vicinity of cutoff frequencies and switching from the Cerenkov mechanism of interaction in a traveling wave tube to the klystron mechanism when passing to SWS stopbands. The features of the equations of the discrete electron–wave interaction in pseudoperiodic SWSs are analyzed.
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The model based on coupled impedance electrodes was used to analyze effectiveness of a sheet e-beam interaction with the in-phase mode of a slow wave. The coupling coefficient, characterizing the interaction effectiveness, was calculated using derivatives of the equivalent parameters, the specific capacitances and inductance. The calculated coefficient was compared with that of a cylindrical e-beam in a helix.