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Местоимения и одушевлённость в русских конструкциях с нулевой связкой
С. 200-225.
Russian zero copula constructions manifest many properties, distinct from constructions with lexical verbs, including explicit copula forms, such as byl ‘was’ (see Testelets 2008, Letuchiy 2015 for detail). Among other properties, it should be noted that in Russian zero copula constructions, an animacy restriction is observed:
(1) In NP + NP zero copula constructions, if the subject NP is a pronoun, this pronoun should have an animate antecedent.
In the article, I analyze the reasons of this restriction.
I propose that the asymmetry depends on the way the feature (e.g., ‘to be a city’) is assigned to the subject. Subject pronoun is only possible when the predicate part of the copula construction does not represent the only characteristics of the subject part. Inanimate entities usually belong to one main class and have one main characterizing property.
In book
Вып. 2. , М. : МПГУ, 2015
Letuchiy A., Nikishina E. A., В кн. : Компьютерная лингвистика и интеллектуальные технологии: По материалам ежегодной международной конференции «Диалог». Vol. 20.: Russian State University for the Humanitie, 2021. Гл. 43. С. 464-472.
Added: April 1, 2022
Gerasimov D. V., , in : Типология морфосинтаксических параметров. Материалы международной конференции «Типология морфосинтаксических параметров 2016». Вып. 3.: М. : МГПУ, 2016. P. 96-112.
Tupí-Guaraní (and a few other Tupí) languages manifest a distinctive construction of predicative possession, minimally consisting of the possessee noun marked with a pronominal prefix cross-referencing the possessor. Some authors suggested analyzing such structures as existential clauses containing a zero copula. In this paper, I attempt to show that such an analysis is not viable ...
Added: November 28, 2017
Pisarenko D., В кн. : Малые языки в большой лингвистике. Выпуск 4. : М. : Буки Веди, 2022. С. 183-192.
Статья посвящена опциональному маркированию множественного числа на
существительных в чувашском языке (малокарачкинский говор). В чувашском языке
существительные, реферирующие к более чем одному объекту, в некоторых контекстах
могут не нести показателя множественного числа, в то время как в других контекстах
присутствие показателя множественного числа на них обязательно. В этой статье я
показываю, что обязательность присутствия числового показателя на существительном,
реферирующем ко множеству ...
Added: September 30, 2023
Богомолова Н. К., Linguistics 2018 Vol. 56 No. 4 P. 819-844
Grammaticalization is often considered to reflect frequent co-occurrence of certain elements in certain positions. This paper tests the frequency-based account of the grammaticalization of person agreement, comparing the grammaticalization of person agreement in Tabasaran, a Lezgic language, with the syntax of free pronouns in closely related Agul. Our assumption is that the situation in Agul, ...
Added: October 17, 2018
Letuchiy A., Компьютерная лингвистика и интеллектуальные технологии 2013 № 12 (19) С. 420-434
В статье рассматриваются свойства нулевой связки в русском языке. Целью исследования — выяснить, совпадают ли ограничения на употребление нулевой связки в функции глагола настоящего вре- мени с теми, которые наблюдаются для выраженных глаголов. Для анализа привлекаются сложные предложения, ряд конструкций малого синтаксиса со временным значением, а также предложения с преди- кативами (категорией состояния). Как оказывается, ...
Added: June 13, 2013
Letuchiy A., Lingue e Linguaggio 2015 No. 2 P. 233-250
The article is focused on Russian constructions with zero copulas. I test constructions with zero copulas for compatibility with different syntactic contexts to find out whether their syntactic behavior differs significantly from that of lexical verbs. The diagnostics used in the paper include occurrence in relative and temporal clauses, compatibility with particles, and adverbials / ...
Added: March 14, 2016
Letuchiy A., Вопросы языкознания 2021 Т. 2021 № 4 С. 72-90
The present article addresses a special use of the Russian locative pronoun tam: the use represented in examples like ‘I talked to her — no understanding of the situation there’. In those contexts, tam refers to a participant (usually animate), rather than a location. After a brief sketch of other uses, I describe the rules and restrictions on the ...
Added: October 31, 2022
Gippius A., В кн. : Псковские говоры и их исследователи (к 100-летию со дня рождения С.М. Глускиной и 50-летию выхода 1-го выпуска «Псковского областного словаря с историческими данными»): в 2 ч. Ч. 1.: К. : Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Логос", 2017. С. 89-97.
The article publishes a 13th century graffito-inscription from St. George’s Cathedral of the Yuriev Monastery in Novgorod. Besides the typical ‘asking for God’s help’, the author of the inscription ‘asks for God’s benevolence to whoever would read it’. A word-form ketъ which occurs in this phrase is interpreted as a direct phonetic continuation of Old Novgorodian ...
Added: February 22, 2019
Apresyan V., Русский язык в научном освещении 2017 № 33 С. 86-116
Статья посвящена псевдосинонимичным посессивным конструкциям у Х-а есть Y и У Х-а Y. В статье рассматриваются правила их употребления и их сравнительная трудность для усвоения иностранными студентами. Исследование проводилось на корпусе ошибок RULEC. Были получены следующие результаты: ошибок в употреблении посессивных конструкций у продвинутых студентов вообще встретилось немного (не более 10 процентов), из чего ...
Added: November 30, 2016
Bos L., Dragoy O., Avrutin S. et al., Neuropsychologia 2014 Vol. 57 P. 20-28
Background: Agrammatic speakers have problems with grammatical encoding and decoding. However, not all syntactic processes are equally problematic: present time reference, who questions, and reflexives can be processed by narrow syntax alone and are relatively spared compared to past time reference, which questions, and personal pronouns, respectively. The latter need additional access to discourse and ...
Added: November 18, 2013
Apresyan V., В кн. : XVII Апрельская международная научная конференция по проблемам развития экономики и общества: в 4 кн. Кн. 4.: М. : Издательский дом НИУ ВШЭ, 2017. С. 369-379.
Использование посессивных конструкций с нулевым предикатом и со словоформой есть регулируется рядом семантических, прагматических и коммуникативных правил.
Конструкция у X-а есть Y маркирована семантически, коммуникативно и сочетаемостно, она предполагает: противопоставление наличия отсутствию (У меня есть друзья), противопоставление наличия объектов одного типа объектам другого типа (У него есть хорошие студенты), рематизацию глагола (У меня ЕСТЬ мнение); связанные ...
Added: November 30, 2016
Muraviev N., Урало-алтайские исследования 2021
This study features an alignment system in Kazym Khanty. Several facts including accusative marking of personal pronouns, verbal agreement with S/A and a strong tendency towards the clause-initial position of S/A suggest treating Kazym Khanty alignment as accusative. Meanwhile field and text data on the distribution of the active and passive voice as well as ...
Added: June 19, 2021
de Aguiar V., Bastiaanse R., Reis A. et al., Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 2015
Language comprehension is supported by a wide network that connects multiple sources of information. Which information is necessary for specific processes and how and when does it play a role? In this study we compare the Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and response accuracy during an auditory picture verification task. Sentences included personal or reflexive pronouns ...
Added: November 16, 2013
Сударикова Е. А., Acta Linguistica Petropolitana. Труды института лингвистических исследований 2018 Т. 14 С. 428-443
This article includes the study of the properties of possessive and relative markers in Chukchi language (-in(e)/-en(a) и -kin(e)/-ken(a)). The co-occurence with different parts of speech was observed using animacy hierarchy. The incorporation and predicativisation ability was also analysed. ...
Added: November 23, 2017
Kholodilova M., Вопросы языкознания 2020 № 4 С. 7-24
Relative clauses in some Slavic languages can be introduced by relative pronouns derived from interrogatives with specialized markers, such as ‑to in Bulgarian, ‑r in Slovenian, and što in Macedonian. The distribution of these pronouns varies drastically from language to language. While in Modern Standard Bulgarian, Slovenian, and Sorbian languages derived interrogative-based relative pronouns are ...
Added: September 20, 2020
Daniel M., , in : Компьютерная лингвистика и интеллектуальные технологии. По материалам ежегодной Международной конференции "Диалог" (2015). : М. : Изд-во РГГУ, 2015. P. 95-103.
The paper discusses the present stage of the evolution of the initial [n]/[j] stem alternation in Russian third person pronouns. After providing a short overview of the origins of the forms, I focus on their category status, discuss Zalizniak’s ‘adpositionality’ in some detail, and then proceed to considering the cases where the ‘n’-forms are induced ...
Added: October 9, 2015
Letuchiy A., Труды института русского языка им. В.В. Виноградова 2017 № XIII С. 272-281
The paper focuses on one syntactic restriction on the use of the interrogative pronoun
čto ‘what’. Contrary to kto ‘who’, čto disfavours constructions where it is syntactically
parallel and co-referent to the anaphoric pronouns on ‘he’, ona ‘she’, and ono ‘it’. For instance,
in the construction kogo “ego” (lit. ‘who “he”’), which the Russian speakers use
to find out ...
Added: March 15, 2018
Uspensky B. A., Вопросы языкознания 2018 № 6 С. 60-84
The article analyzes archaic syntactic constructions in colloquial Russian when a noun in genitive appears as the direct object of a transitive verb (such as dat’ noža, etc.). The connection of such genitival constructions with the semantics of partitivity is demonstrated. The author concentrates on the origin and semantics of the approving or encouraging exclamation ...
Added: November 26, 2018
Nichols J., The Journal of Indo-European Studies 2019 Vol. 47 No. 12 P. 149-156
The paper’s main claims are that PIE originated in Central Asia, which accounts for its Eurasiatic properties such as resemblant pronouns (Uralic, IE, Kartvelian, Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic) and originally agglutinating morphology; then it moved by migration to the western steppe, where profound influence of a North Caucasian language or languages (chiefly West Caucasian) reshaped its ...
Added: October 27, 2020
Baranova V. V., Русский язык в научном освещении 2016 Т. 31 № 1 С. 84-100
The paper examines the Russian construction Num + classifier + Ngen formed specifically with the numeral classifier shtuka (Num shtuk Ngen); this classifier occurs more frequently than other classifiers (chelovek, dush, edinic). I argue that the classifier shtuka undergoes a process of semantic bleaching: it occurs in the context of approximation (despite the literal meaning ...
Added: October 9, 2016
Hržica G., Palmović M., Kovačević M. et al., Revue Roumaine de Linguistique 2015 Vol. 60 No. 4 P. 351-368
Different inflectional endings of masculine animate and inanimate nouns in the accusative are common to Croatian and Russian and constitute Differential Object Marking (henceforth DOM) in these two languages. Additionally, Russian nouns of all genders get DOM in the plural, making this feature even more consistent. In this paper we investigate the acquisition of DOM ...
Added: October 29, 2016
Lander Yu., , in : The Mehweb language: Essays on phonology, morphology and syntax. : Berlin : Language Science Press, 2019. Ch. 12. P. 315-331.
Mehweb Dargwa features a particle gwa, a peculiar element which is basically used for emphasizing the assertion. The paper explores some grammatical characteristics of this particle. It is shown that, in both verbal and non-verbal clauses, gwa serves as a predicative marker forming a complete predication and is an equivalent of a copula (even though, unlike the neutral ...
Added: October 26, 2019
Buzanov A., В кн. : Малые языки в большой лингвистике. Вып. 3.: М. : Буки Веди, 2021.
В статье описывается система рефлексивных местоимений и рефлексивно-посессивных аффиксов эвенского языка с точки зрения возможности их употребления в разных локальных доменах (областях связывания). В эвенском языке рефлексивные местоимения и рефлексивно-посессивные аффиксы могут комбинироваться с интенсификатором. Ожидается, что такие комбинации будут не менее локальны, чем их аналоги без интенсификатора. В статье показывается, что эвенские рефлексивы не ...
Added: January 17, 2022
Zevakhina N., Оскольская С. А., В кн. : Современный русский язык в Интернете. : М. : Языки славянских культур, 2014. С. 202-221.
The paper discusses so-called reduplicated concessive wh-words in Russian (e.g., kakoj-nikakoj). For the time being, they exhibit irregular and infrequent items and belong to the language periphery of colloquial speech. However, Internet data enable us to make some statements about its functioning both in oral and written speech. The study is based on the data ...
Added: January 17, 2014