Book chapter
Сетевой анализ в антропологии: история и современность
In book
This volume contains a selection of contributions from the "First International Conference in Network Analysis," held at the University of Florida, Gainesville, on December 14-16, 2011. The remarkable diversity of fields that take advantage of Network Analysis makes the endeavor of gathering up-to-date material in a single compilation a useful, yet very difficult, task. The purpose of this volume is to overcome this difficulty by collecting the major results found by the participants and combining them in one easily accessible compilation.
This chapter focuses on contradictions in the development of social anthropology curriculum in contemporary Russia. Ethnography as a predecessor to social anthropology has been developing in Russia for several centuries as an academic discipline and occupation with a strong focus on folk culture, ethnicity. In Soviet times, professional training of ethnographers was offered within the Departments of History at several universities. The Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology (previously The Institute of Enthography) is the oldest institution in Russia for studies of humanities, which sprang from the Kunstkamera (Cabinet of Curiosities) founded by Peter the Great. This long tradition of ethnography as a scholarly discipline is based on field research with emphasis on ethnic peculiarities and inter-ethnic conflicts. In the beginning of 1990s, the oldest academic institution, the Institute of Ethnography of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) acquired a new name: the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of RAS, which signified a shift in self-identification of traditional ethnographers towards international recognition. A number of university-based and independent research centres were established in various Russian regions. The thematic scope of their research interests is wide and includes not only focus on past and present folk cultures, but also on issues of society, culture and diversity as seen in the programs of conferences and content of publications. The institutional resource for disciplinary and professional identity is a new Association of anthropologists and ethnographers that includes now more than a thousand members. The transformation of social anthropology curricula is explored on the national and local levels in relation to implications of the Bologna project and what makes social anthropology a distinctive area of professional training. The analysis shows that the characteristics of social anthropology education and training are defined as well as constrained by such structuring parameters as the conception of professionalism, highly ambivalent relations with contemporary post-socialist governments, the backgrounds of teachers and departments, a philosophy and ideology of diversity, reception of the notion of human rights and international exchange. Based on the results of analysing interviews and relevant documents, we will show contradictory processes in social anthropology curriculum in Russia.
This volume contains two types of papers—a selection of contributions from the “Second International Conference in Network Analysis” held in Nizhny Novgorod on May 7–9, 2012, and papers submitted to an "open call for papers" reflecting the activities of LATNA at the Higher School for Economics.
This volume contains many new results in modeling and powerful algorithmic solutions applied to problems in
- vehicle routing
- single machine scheduling
- modern financial markets
- cell formation in group technology
- brain activities of left- and right-handers
- speeding up algorithms for the maximum clique problem
- analysis and applications of different measures in clustering
The broad range of applications that can be described and analyzed by means of a network brings together researchers, practitioners, and other scientific communities from numerous fields such as Operations Research, Computer Science, Bioinformatics, Medicine, Transportation, Energy, Social Sciences, and more. The contributions not only come from different fields, but also cover a broad range of topics relevant to the theory and practice of network analysis. Researchers, students, and engineers from various disciplines will benefit from the state-of-the-art in models, algorithms, technologies, and techniques including new research directions and open questions.
Semantic network reduction is considered in application to visual analytics of relational data. Merging structurally equivalent nodes it is straightforward to construct a reduced semantic network that completely speci es the initial structure of relations between nodes. This paper presents the analysis of such reduction applied to the communication network from Stanford Large Network Dataset Collection. It is shown how the reduction based on structural equivalence can help in visualization of large semantic networks.
The article discusses the scholarship, methods, and theoretical approaches that have been involved in the interdisciplinary field of Science and Technology Studies from the early 1980s through the early 2000s. It traces the changes in methodological orientations and examines the specificities of ethnographic fieldwork in the STS area, as well as suggests the criteria for evaluating the outcome of research and offers ways of its advancement.
The report reviews the conference «Social anthropology in Russia as a research and university discipline: search for past and future» organized by the state university «Higher school of economics» on September 11-13, 2007 in Pushkin. The purpose of conference was to discuss a wide circle of problems of the position of anthropology in Russia. The program of presentations included three sections: social anthropology as part of a curriculum, social anthropology as a scientific discipline and peculiarities of the academic community.